Case 3

Question 1

Bloody ascites is caused by

Answer 1

red blood cells leaking into the intraperitoneal fluid; ascites appears frankly bloody when the peritoneal red blood cell count is >50,000 mm3

Question 2

Bloody ascitis is caused by red blood cells leaking into the intraperitoneal fluid; ascites appears frankly bloody when the peritoneal red blood cell count is
> ……… mm3

Answer 2

50,000

Question 3

Persistently bloody ascites found on multiple paracenteses suggests an underlying ………

Answer 3

malignancy

Question 4

………… is the most common malignancy to present with bloody ascites due to tumor growth disrupting and eroding nearby blood vessels.

Answer 4

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Question 5

It typically causes non-bloody straw-yellow ascites,

Answer 5

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 6

most patients also have severe lower extremity edema

Answer 6

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 7

This patient’s trace pitting edema may be related to

Answer 7

ascites and underlying cirrhosis

Question 8

it typically causes acute onset of non-bloody, straw-yellow ascites in association with fever and abdominal pain.

Answer 8

Hepatic vein thrombosis (ie, Budd-Chiari syndrome

Question 9

typically causes fever, abdominal pain, and/or altered mental status associated with cloudy or turbid ascitic fluid.

Answer 9

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Question 10

can lead to ascites, but the fluid is generally straw-colored; bloody ascites is rare. In addition, this ascites is typically associated with abdominal pain as well as fever and night sweats

Answer 10

Abdominal tuberculosis

Question 11

most common cause of bloody ascites after multiple diagnostic paracentesis

Answer 11

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 12

………. of the ascitic fluid can help identify the primary tumor.

Answer 12

Cytologic analysis