case 1 streptococcocus pyogenes

Question 1

what organism causes sore throat

Answer 1

streptococcus pyogenes

Question 2

is streptococcus pyogenes a gram positive or gram negative bacteria

Answer 2

gram positive
so has lipotociehcic acid and peptidoglycan cell wall

Question 3

what is the antigen of strep p

Answer 3

m proteins- molecular mimicry

Question 4

how is streptococcus pyogenes spread

Answer 4

directly person to person contact via droplets of saliva, nasal secretions
food waterborne
open wounds
skin penetrating injury

Question 5

host response

Answer 5

host responds by acute inflammatory response- redness heat swelling, pain
neutrophils engulf and kill pathogen
antibodies produced opsonise bacteria increasing phagocytosis

Question 6

how does strep p avoid recognition

Answer 6

host anti complement protein binding to m protein and inhibiting opsonisation
multiple antigenic m proteins

Question 7

dalor meaning

Answer 7

pain

Question 8

calor meaning

Answer 8

heat

Question 9

rubor meaning

Answer 9

redness

Question 10

tumour meaning in inflammation context

Answer 10

swelling

Question 11

what is a complication of streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 11

post streptococcal glomerulonephritis diagnosed by renal biopsy which results in oedema
hypertension
exudative pharyngitis

Question 12

how is streptococcus pyogenes diagnosed

Answer 12

culture or serology

Question 13

what are acute infections by streptococcus pyogenes treated with

Answer 13

benzylpenicillin

Question 14

if streptococcus pyogenes develops into necrotising fasciiitis then treat with

Answer 14

clindamycin

Question 15

what can be done to prevent spread of streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 15

source isolation and hand washing in hospitals