Cascade Reaction Flashcards

1
Q

Nitric Oxide

A

Secreted by endothelial cells
Inactivates platelets

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2
Q

PGI2 (Prostacyclin)

A

Secreted by endothelial cells
Inactivates platelets

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3
Q

Heparin Sulfate

A

Binds protein Antithrombin 3 - activates
Bound to endothelial cell membrane

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4
Q

Antithrombin 3

A

Degrades (Inactivate) Clotting Factors: II, IX, X

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5
Q

Thrombomodulin

A

Protein on cell membrane
Binds Thrombin (Factor II)

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6
Q

Thrombin II binds

A

Protein C and becomes active

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7
Q

Activated Protein C

A

Degrades (Inactive) Factors V and VIII

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8
Q

5 Steps for Hemostatis or Cascade

A

1) Vascular Spasm
2) Platelet Plug Formation
3) Coagulation
4) Clot Retraction and Repair
5) Fibrinolysis

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9
Q

Endothelin

A

Binds on receptor smooth muscle
Causes contraction
Vasocontriction

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10
Q

Von Wildebrand Factor

A

Secreted by injured endothelial cells
Injured cells do not secrete Nitric Oxide or PGI

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11
Q

Glycoprotein 1 b

A

Binds to VWF
Secrete ADP, Thromboxane (TxA2), Seretonin

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12
Q

ADP & TxA2

A

Bind on platelets and activate
Causes platelets to come to site of injury
Platelet Aggregation

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13
Q

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

A

Binds platelets together via fibrinogen

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14
Q

Phospholipid Charge on Platelet Plug

A

Phosphatidylserine

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15
Q

Organ that makes clotting proteins

A

Liver

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16
Q

Factor 12

A

First Protein to Interact with Platelet
Proenzyme

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17
Q

Activated Factor 12

A

Activates Factor 11

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18
Q

Activated Factor 11

A

Activates Factor 9

19
Q

Activated Factor 9

A

Interacts with Factor 8, PF3, and Ca2+

20
Q

Activated Factor 8,9 Complex

A

Activates Factor 10

21
Q

Activated Factor 10

A

Reacts with Factor 5, PF3, and Ca2+

22
Q

Activated Factor 5,10 Complex

A

Reacts with Prothrombin Activator

23
Q

Prothrombin Activator

A

Reacts with Factor 2 (Prothrombin)
This becomes Thrombin

24
Q

Thrombin

A

Reacts in 2 ways:
Links Fibrinogen together and makes Fibrin
Reacts with Factor 13 (Fibrin Stabilizer)

25
Activated Factor 13
Crosslinks Fibrin Strands Creating Fibrin Mesh
26
Two Pathways for Cascade
Intrinsic Extrinsic
27
Intrinsic Pathway
In order of reaction 12, 11, 9, 8, 10 Occurs independent of Extrinsic Pathway
28
Factor 10
Part of the common pathway
29
Extrinsic Pathway
Depends on some Intrinsic Pathway In descending order 3 to 7 to 10
30
Damaged Tissues Release
Factor 3
31
Factor 3
Reacts with Factor 7
32
Activated Factor 7
Can react with 9 and/or 10
33
Potassium dependent Factors
2, 7, 9, 10
34
Consumed Factors
1, 2, 5, 13
35
Common Pathway Factors
10, 5, 2, 1
36
Fibrin
Factor 1 Activated by Factor 2 (Thrombin)
37
Fourth Step
Clot Retraction and Repair
38
Platelet Contraction
Brings damaged cells together Secretes Platelet Derived Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
39
Platelet Derived Growth Factor
PDGF Trigger mitosis to repair cells Patches for connective tissue (such as ligaments)
40
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
VEGF Regenerate endothelial lining
41
Fifth Step
Fibrinolysis
42
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA)
Aka Streptokinase Reacts with plasminogen to create Plasmin
43
Plasmin
Digests fibrin mesh Releases D-dimer (D peptide)