Cartilage and bone

Question 1

What does a large ratio of GAGs (glycosaminoglycans) and type II collagen in the ECM permit?

Answer 1

diffusion of substances between blood vessels in surrounding connective tissues and
chondrocytes in the matrix

Question 2

What does the perichondrium do?

Answer 2

a sheath of dense (irregular) connective tissue that surrounds cartilage

Question 3

what contains blood vessels serving the cartilage and a small neural component

Answer 3

Perichondrium

Question 4

What is the most common type of cartilage

Answer 4

Hyaline

Question 5

What is distinguished by a homogeneous amorphous extra cellular matrix

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

Where are chondrocytes found in hyaline cartilage

Answer 6

found within lacunae (spaces within the
ECM)

Question 7

type II collagen makes up what

Answer 7

bulk of collagen fibers

Question 8

what type of collage consists in the perichondrium

Answer 8

type i collagen

Question 9

outer layer of the perichondrium contains what?

Answer 9

fibrous layer – type I collagen and fibroblasts

Question 10

The inner perichondrium layer has a _____ layer that is filled with what?

Answer 10

chondrogenic layer

– type I collagen and chondroblasts

Question 11

What is interstitial growth

Answer 11

growth from within the
cartilage proper

Question 12

How are elastic cartilage distinguished

Answer 12

elastic fibers

Question 13

what is Fibrocartilage a a combination of?

Answer 13

dense connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

Question 14

What type oof cartilage is located where resistance to both compression and shearing forces is required of the
tissue:

Answer 14

Fibrocartilage

Question 15

What are Osteoids

Answer 15

uncalcified and unmineralized

Question 16

______ are secreted with initial collagen rich materials

Answer 16

Osteoid

Question 17

______ represents appositional growth which is completed with subsequent calcification (no
interstitial growth

Answer 17

Osteoid

Question 18

Osteoclast rest directly on bone surface where resorption is occurring within enzymatically etched
depressions, or lay within ____

Answer 18

cavities called Howship’s lacunae

Question 19

What fibers are bound bone to matrix

Answer 19

Sharpley’s fiber

Question 20

What fibers are are bundles of type 1 collagen fibers which penetrate the boone matrix

Answer 20

Sharpley’s fibers

Question 21

lamellae arranged in parallel sheets or concentrically around a central canal called what

Answer 21

Haversian canal

Question 22

What. do Haversian canals contain

Answer 22

blood vessels and nevers, lined by endosteum

Question 23

osteonal (Haversian) canals communicate through transverse ____________ carrying blood vessels and nerves

Answer 23

Volkmann canals
(perforating canals)

Question 24

What is a wovern bone

Answer 24

immature bone, primary bone

Question 25

what bone is initially formed in skeleton of developing fetus

Answer 25

woven bone

Question 26

What type of bone is a non lamellar and has cells randomly arranged

Answer 26

Woven bone

Question 27

What are examples of a trabecular bone, spongy bone

Answer 27

Cancellous bone (type of lamellar bone)

Question 28

What type of lamellar bone is sponge-like meshwork consisting of trabeculae

Answer 28

Cancellous bone

Question 29

What type of bone ossification forms most bone and hyaline cartilage models serves as a precursor

Answer 29

Endochondral ossification

Question 30

in diaphysis of fetal long bones- chondrocytes die
after enclosure of cartilage within a collar of woven bone, creating an initial cavity
entered by periosteal osteoblasts and blood vessels

Answer 30

Primary ossification centers

Question 31

develop within the epiphysis with cartilage of the
epiphyseal growth plate- separates the epiphyseal and diaphyseal cavities of
bone; responsible for maintaining growth in length (bone lengthening)

Answer 31

Secondary ossification centers