Carpal Tunnel

Question 1

Boundaries of the ulnar tunnel/canal

Answer 1

• Anteriorly (roof)- palmar carpal ligament
• Posteriorly (floor)- flexor retinaculum
• Medially- pisiform
• Laterally- hook of hamate

Question 2

contents in the ulnar tunnel

Answer 2

• Ulnar nerve
• Ulnar artery
• Ulnar vein

Question 3

what is the anatomical snuff box

Answer 3

Space at the lateral side of the wrist, visible with the full extension of the thumb

Question 4

boundaries of the anatomical snuff box

Answer 4

o Medially- extensor pollicis longus
o Laterally- abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
o Proximal- styloid process of radius
o Deeply - scaphoid

Question 5

contents in the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 5

Contents:
o Radial artery
o Cephalic vein (origin)
o Radial nerve- superficial branch crosses

Question 6

most common forearm fracture?

Answer 6

Colle’s fracture

Question 7

what is colle’s fracture?

Answer 7

Complete transverse fracture of the radius

Question 8

True or false? Palmer fascia is not continuous with the flexor retinaculum

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Contents of the Carpal tunnel (4)

Answer 9

Tendons of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
median nerve

Question 10

what movement of the thumb is carried out by the first (1st) dorsal interosseous muscle

Answer 10

The first dorsal interosseous muscle is involved in abduction of the thumb

Question 11

which nerve innervates the adductor pollicis muscle

Answer 11

The adductor pollicis muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve

Question 12

nerve innervating the abductor pollicis brevis

Answer 12

recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)

Question 13

nerve innervating the flexor pollicis brevis

Answer 13

superficial head: the recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)
deep head: deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 14

nerve innervating the opponens pollicis muscle

Answer 14

recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)

Question 15

nerve innervating the opponens digiti minimi

Answer 15

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 16

nerve innervating the flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 16

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 17

nerve innervating the abductor digiti minimi

Answer 17

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 18

nerve innervating the palmaris brevis

Answer 18

superficial branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 19

main action of the palmaris brevis

Answer 19

improves grip

Question 20

main action of the opponens digiti minimi

Answer 20

brings 5th digit into opposition with thumb

Question 21

main action of the adductor pollicis muscle

Answer 21

adducts thumb toward the lateral border of the palm

Question 22

innervation of the 1st and 2nd lumbricals

Answer 22

median nerve (C8,T1)

Question 23

Innervation of the 3rd and 4th lumbricals

Answer 23

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 24

Innervation of the 1st to 4th dorsal interossei

Answer 24

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 25

innervation of the 1st to 3rd palmer interossei

Answer 25

deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

Question 26

main action of the lumbricals

Answer 26

flexes metacarpophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints of 2nd to 5th digits

Question 27

main action of dorsal interossei

Answer 27

abducts fingers and adducts thumb

Question 28

main action of the palmar interossei

Answer 28

adducts fingers

Question 29

innervation of the lateral 3 and a half digits of the palmer view of the hand

Answer 29

median nerve (palmer digital branches of the median nerve

Question 30

innervation of the superficial medial 1 and a half fingers of the palmer view of the hand

Answer 30

superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 31

innervation of the skin of the medial forearm

Answer 31

medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 32

innervation of the lateral half of the skin of the forearm

Answer 32

lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 33

innervation of the middle posterior skin of the forearm

Answer 33

posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 34

innervation of the skin of the lateral half of the dorsal aspect of the hand and thumb

Answer 34

superficial branch of the radial nerve

Question 35

innervation of the proximal portions of the dorsal aspects of the 2nd and 3rd digits and lateral half of the 4th digit

Answer 35

superficial branch of the radial nerve

Question 36

innervation of the palmaris brevis

Answer 36

superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 37

innervation of the skin of the central palm

Answer 37

palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve

Question 38

innervation of the skin of the medial palm, palmar and distal dorsal aspects of digit 5 and the medial half of digit 4

Answer 38

superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 39

veins in the dorsum of distal phalynx of each finger

Answer 39

dorsal digital veins

Question 40

veins in the palmer view of distal phalynx of each finger

Answer 40

palmar digital vein

Question 41

the dorsal digital veins drain into which veins

Answer 41

the 3 dorsal metacarpal veins

Question 42

articulations in the metacarpophalangeal joints

Answer 42

heads of the metacarpals with the bases of proximal phalanges

Question 43

articulations in the interphalangeal joints

Answer 43

heads of phalanges with bases of more distal phalanges

Question 44

boundaries of the carpal tunnel

Answer 44

• Anterior (roof):
  o Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament) attached to
  Pisiform and hook of hamate medially
  Scaphoid and tubercle of trapezium laterally
• Posterior:
  o Carpal bones

Question 45

contents in the carpal tunnel

Answer 45

• Flexor pollicis longus
• Flexor carpi radialis
• Median nerve
• Anterior interosseus artery
• Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis AND profundus
• Ulnar and radial bursa