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DSM Vascular > Carotid Imaging Test 2 > Flashcards

Carotid Imaging Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the warning signs of a stroke?

A 
Aphasia
Dysphasia
Dysphagia
Dysarthria 
Tingling and numbness 
Vertigo
Transient blindness
Pg33
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2
Q

If there is a difference in blood pressures from arm to arm, what area is diseased from that indication?

A

There is a stenosis. (google)

Subclavian and/or vertebral disease

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3
Q

What type of flow does ECA have?

A

High resistive

pg. 47 4th ed.

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4
Q

What type of flow does ICA have?

A

Low resistive

pg. 47 4th ed.

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5
Q

What are the spectral analysis ultrasound findings of an ICA occlusion?

A
  • No Doppler flow
  • ECA and CCA will have similar waveforms
    pg. 60 4th ed.
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6
Q

What is the difference between CVA and TIA?

A

CVA is a complete brain stroke
TIA has the same symptoms but they only last for 24 hours
pg. 33 4th ed.

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7
Q

What blood vessels are symmetrical?

A

vertebral arteries

per Beth 10/4/16

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8
Q

Where in the vessel should the sample volume and angle be located?

A

parallel in middle of vessel

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9
Q

What are the measurements for the degree of stenosis in the ICA?

A 
< 50% 
50-69% stenosis
=or > 70% stenosis to near occlusion
total occlusion
pg 72 4th edt.
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10
Q

How many strokes occur each year?

A

795,000. (google)

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11
Q

What does the innominate artery divide into?

A

RT CCA
RT Subclavian A
pg. 35 4th ed.

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12
Q

What should the sample volume (gate) be?

A

2 mm

per Beth 10/4/16

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13
Q

If there is an abnormal Doppler waveform in the ICA, where would that suggest disease at?

A

A high resistance ICA waveform may also occur with stenosis in the distal ICA. However, condition usually coexists with extensive disease in the proximal ICA. pg 65 4th edt

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14
Q

What might happen to the velocities to the ipsilateral side if the contralateral ICA is occluded?

A

If one side is occluded the other side (the contralateral) the velocity will increase. pg 80 4th edt.

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15
Q

When determining the ICA/CCA ratios, what section of the CCA is used for the ratio?

A

mid/dist

per Beth - 10/4/16

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16
Q

What characteristics would be demonstrated with a subclavian steal?

A

retrograde flow in the vertebral

per Beth - 10/4/16

17
Q

What would a less than 125 cm/s PSV suggest?

A

Normal (no stenosis)

pg. 73

18
Q

What is transient partial or complete loss of vision called?

A

Amaurosis fugax
Binocular blindness
pg. 33 4th ed.

19
Q

The carotid body assists in regulating all except ____.

A

It assists in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration

Hagen-Ansert volume 2 pg. 875

20
Q

What is the most common visualized branch of the ECA?

A

Superior thyroid artery

pg. 36 4th ed.

21
Q

What is the noise created by tissue vibration?

A

Bruit

Beth - 9/27/16

22
Q

While color duplex imaging there may be an area where the color doesn’t fill in the vessel, what might this be from? (It’s not plaque)

A

boundary layer separation

per Beth 10/4/16

23
Q

The vertebral arteries join to form the _____.

A

basilar artery

pg. 35 4th ed.

24
Q

What is the inability to speak or express oneself?

A

Aphasia

pg. 33 4th ed.

25
Q

What does NASCET mean?

A

North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial
guidelines for symptomatic patients to undergo surgery or not based on % stenosis
pg. 70 4th ed.

26
Q

What can cause a stroke?

A 
Cardiac Origin
-emboli
-cessation of perfusion
And
Carotid Origin
-occlusion
-atherosclerotic stenosis
-emboli

Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture

  • intracranial hemorrhage
  • vasospasm

Miscellaneous

  • vasospasm from sickle cell anemia
  • cerebral arterial-venous malformation

pg. 34 4th ed.

Emboli
Thrombosis
Hemorrhage

simplified in PPT slide 5

27
Q

What does RIND mean?

A

Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit
symptoms resolve, but longer than 24 hours
pg. 33 4th ed.

28
Q

What are the vertebral basilar symptoms?

A 
Drop attacks
Syncope
Vertigo
Dizziness
Diplopia
Binocular blindness
pg. 33   4th ed.
29
Q

What is IPH?

A

Intraplaque hemorrhage
Appears anechoic compared to the echogenic surrounding plaque
pg. 84 4th ed.

30
Q

Anatomy of the carotid system (image on test)

A

pg. 35 4th ed.

31
Q

What are the images on pg 47 (4th ed.) showing?

A

tortuous ICA’s

pg. 47 4th ed.

32
Q

Identify the CCA and its waveform.

A

pg. 52 4th ed.

33
Q

Identify the ECA and its waveform.

A

pg. 53 4th ed.

34
Q

Describe the disease, what are the different types of plaque?

A 
smooth
heterogeneous
echolucent
calcified
ulcer
Pictures on pages 83-85  4th edt
35
Q

Identify the ICA and its waveform.

A

pg. 53 4th ed.

36
Q

Identify the vertebral artery.

A

pg. 53 4th ed.

DSM Vascular (5 decks)

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