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EMR - First on Scene - 9th Edition La Baudour - Bergeron > Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries Chapter 19 Flashcards

0
Q 
An injury that is characterized by broken bone ends protruding through the skin is commonly described as a(an) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ wound.
A. Open
B. closed
C. Complex
D. Superficial
A

A. Open

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1
Q 
All of the following are functions of the musculoskeletal system EXCEPT:
A. Strength
B. Support
C. Protection
D. Cell production
A

A. Strength

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2
Q

Which of the following would not be considered appropriate when caring for a suspected fracture?
A. Cutaway clothing to expose the injury site.
B. “Pop” possible dislocations back into place.
C. Asses circulation, sensation, and motor function.
D. Immobilize the joint above and below the injury site.

A

B. “pop” possible dislocations back into place.

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3
Q 
When caring for patients who have sustained a significant mechanism of injury, emergency medical responders must:
A. Place in the recovery position.
B. Identify the medical problem.
C. Provide low flow oxygen.
D. Suspect fine injury.
A

D. suspect spine injury.

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4
Q 
A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ occurs when one end of a bone that is part of a joint is pulled or pushed out of place.
A. Fracture
B. Dislocation
C. Concussion
D. Rotation
A

B. Dislocation

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5
Q

A thorough assessment of an extremity injury includes an evaluation of distal CSM. What does CSM stand for?
A. Circulation, sensation, motor function
B. Color, sensation, motor function
C. Color, strength, manual movement
D. Circulation, strength, motor function

A

A. Circulation, sensation, motor function

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6
Q 
All of the following are common signs and symptoms of an extremity injury EXCEPT:
A. Pain
B. Swelling
C. Deformity
D. Lengthening
A

D. Lengthening

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7
Q 
The process of immobilizing an injury using a device such as a piece of wood, cardboard, or folded blanket is called:
A. Immobilization 
B. traction
C. Splinting
D. Manual stabilization
A

C. Splinting

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8
Q 
You are caring for a patient who has an injury characterized by an open wound, severe deformity, and bleeding. Your highest priority is:
A. Strengthening the deformity
B. Covering the open wound
C. Splinting the extremity
D. Controlling the bleeding
A

D. Controlling the bleeding

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9
Q 
This straightening of an angulated injury is indicated when:
A. Distal pulse is absent
B. There is an open wound
C. A splint is unavailable
D. Directed by your partner
A

A. Distal pulse is absent

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10
Q 
A triangular bandage used to stabilize the elbow and arm is called a:
A. Cravat
B. Dressing
C. Bandage
D. Sling
A

D. Sling

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11
Q 
When properly applied a sling and swathe will adequately immobilize a:
A. Wrist
B. forearm
C. Shoulder
D. Knee
A

C. Shoulder

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12
Q 
It is important to maintain the hand and foot of an injured extremity in a normal and comfortable position during splinting. This position is called the:
A. Recumbent position
B. Position of function
C. Position of comfort
D. Resting position
A

B. Position of function

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13
Q 
The energy from a blunt force that is transferred along the axis of the bone and causes an injury farther along the extremity is called:
A. Direct force
B. Twisting force
C. Indirect force
D. Referred pain
A

C. Indirect force

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14
Q 
When caring for a patient with multiple injuries, it may be best to:
A. Splint all injuries before moving
B. Splint only deformed injuries
C. Immobilize on a long spine board
D. Immobilize using a soft stretcher
A

C. Immobilize on a long spine board

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15
Q 
You are caring for a patient who has one leg that is shortened with the foot rotated to one side. These are likely signs of a possible:
A. Spine injury
B. Dislocated hip
C. Dislocated knee
D. Sprained ankle
A

B. Dislocated hip

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16
Q 
Which one of the following is the most efficient method immobilizing an injured ankle?
A. Short spine board
B. Traction splint
C. Cardboard splint
D. Folded blankets
A

D. Folded blanket

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17
Q

What is the musculoskeletal system made up of?

A

Muscles, bones, joints, connective tissues, blood vessels, and nerves.

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18
Q

What are the primary functions of the musculoskeletal system?

A
  1. Support,
  2. movement,
  3. protection, and
  4. Cell production
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19
Q

What is a closed fracture?

A

A broken bone that does not have an associated break in the outer layers of the skin.

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20
Q

What are the bones of the axial skeleton?

A

Skull,
Spine,
Ribs, &
Sternum

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21
Q

What makes up the appendicular skeleton?

A

The upper and lower extremities (collarbones, shoulder blades, arms, wrists, hands, hips, legs, ankles, and feet)

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22
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal injury?

A
  1. Pain
  2. Swelling
  3. Discoloration
  4. Deformity
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23
Q

What is a strain?

A

The stretching or tearing of a muscle.

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24
Q

What is a sprain?

A

The partial or complete tearing of a ligament.

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25
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

When the end of a bone is pulled partially or completely away from a joint.

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26
Q

What is a fracture?

A

The cracking or breaking of a bone.

27
Q

It is critical to assess the circulation, sensation, and motor function of the extremities ________ to an injury to determine if blood vessels or nerves may have been damaged.

A

Distal

28
Q

________ force causes injury at the point where it actually impacts the body, but an ________ force injury is caused when energy is transmitted from the point of contact to a different area of the body where it causes injury.

A

Direct

Indirect

29
Q

It’s an injured extremity is angulated, it should be ________ ___ ______ unless there is no distal circulation and the limb can be placed back into correct anatomical position with ease without causing pain for the patient.

A

Splinted in place

30
Q

What makes up the shoulder girdle?

A 
Collarbone (or clavicle)
shoulder blade (or scapula)
31
Q

What is the medical term for wrist bones (8/wrist)?

A

Carpals

32
Q

What is the medical term for hand bones (5/palm)?

A

Metacarpals

33
Q

What is the medical term for the finger bones (14/hand)?

A

Phalanges

34
Q

What is the medical term for the upper arm bone (1/arm, from shoulder to elbow)?

A

Humerus

35
Q

What is the medical term for forearm bones ( 2/arm, from elbow to wrist: 1 medial and 1 lateral)

A

Ulna (medial)

Radius (lateral)

36
Q

What is the medical name for pelvic girdle (pelvis and hips)?

A

In nominate or os coxae

37
Q

What is the medical term for thighbone (1 leg)

A

Femur

38
Q

What is the medical term for kneecap (1/leg)?

A

Patella

39
Q

What is the medical term for lower leg bones (2/leg: 1 medial and 1 lateral)?

A

Tibia (medial)

Fibula (lateral)

40
Q

What is the medical term for ankle bones (7/foot)?

A

Tarsals

41
Q

What is the medical term for foot bones (5/foot)?

A

Metatarsals

42
Q

What is he medical name for toe bones (14–15/foot)?

A

Phalanges

43
Q

What are the three primary forces that cause musculoskeletal injuries?

A
  1. Direct force
  2. indirect force
  3. twisting force
44
Q

There is an exception to the term post injury when referring to injuries to the head. A closed head injury may indeed have an open wound to the scalp but because the __________ remains intact it is referred to as a closed injury.

A

Cranium

45
Q

What is angulated?

A

An injured limb that is deformed and out of normal alignment.

46
Q

What is manual stabilization?

A

The process of restricting the movement of an injured person or limb with one’s hands.

47
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy; the body is standing erect, facing the observer with arms down at the sides, palms forward.

48
Q

What is a splint?

A

Any device that is used to immobilize an injured extremity.

49
Q

What is a sling?

A

A large triangular bandage or other cloth device that is used to immobilize an elbow and support the forearm.

50
Q

What is a swathe?

A

A large cravat used to secure a sling or splint to the body.

51
Q

What is knocked-down or dropped shoulder?

A

A common shoulder injury where the patient’s shoulder appears to droop. The patient usually holds the arm up against the side of the chest.

52
Q

What is a cravat?

A

A Triangular bandage that is folded to a width of 3 to 4 inches used in tying dressings and splints in place.

53
Q

What is the most effective splint for an injured forearm, wrist, or hand?

A

A rigid splint.

54
Q

A splint should extend beyond the fingers or toes. True, or False?

A

True

55
Q

Always pad voids when splinting or boarding. True, or False?

A

True. Use a roll of pads or dressing.

56
Q

Do not attempt to “pop” dislocated fingers back into place. True, or False?

A

True

57
Q

What do you do when splinting fingers?

A

Splint injured finger with an uninjured finger but separate with gauze.

58
Q

When a patient has multiple injuries or has suffered multiple system trauma, what is the best way to totally immobilized them?

A

A long spine board or a scoop stretcher.

59
Q

The application of a commercial pelvic splint helps to stabilize the pelvis and minimize bleeding. True or False?

A

True because pelvic fractures result in significant bleeding because the arteries that supply the legs with blood are tightly bound to the pelvic bones.

60
Q

What is a PASG and what is it used for?

A

A pneumatic anti-shock garment used for pelvic girdle injuries.

61
Q

What are the 2 types of hip dislocations and how do they present?

A

Anterior hip dislocation: Leg from hip to the foot is rotated outwardly laterally farther than the uninjured side. Leg rotation also may be an indication of hip fracture. With hip fracture the injured leg may appear to be shorter than the other leg.
Posterior hip dislocation, which is the most common. Leg is rotated inward (medially) is usually bent.

62
Q

Use a ___________ _________ for injuries to the femur.

A

Traction splint

63
Q

What is a boot-top injury?

A

An injury to the tibia and or fibula (usually both) that typically occurs when a skier falls forward of the ski tips.

64
Q

What is a transverse fracture?

A

A break in the bone that is at a right angle to the long part of the bone. The leg below the fracture is often angulated or rotated, and the fracture is quite painful.

EMR - First on Scene - 9th Edition La Baudour - Bergeron (26 decks)

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