Caries and Prevention Flashcards
A- breakdown of dentine
B- demineralisation of enamel
C- inflammation of the pulp
D- caries progressing beyond the amelo-dentinal junction
E- abscess
What is the correct sequence?
B,D,A,C,E
What is dental caries?
Irreversible disease of the tooth structure
What is the blanks?
Plaque is made up of bacteria such as lactobacillus and ——-. These bacteria are able to ferment —- to produce —— which —— enamel and causes —-
Streptococcus mutans, sugar, acid, demineralises caries
Sugars which are most responsible for dental caries are called
Non milk extrinsic
Give three examples of food contain and hidden sugars
Tin beans, yoghurt, tin soup, breakfast cereal
Three factors that can cause caries
1- sucrose
2- lactic acid
3- streptococcus mutans
Give three contributing factors to the cause of dental caries
1- streptococcus mutans found in plaque
2- frequency of sugar in diet
3- acid causing demineralisation
What is the single most important cause of dental caries?
Frequency of sugar consumed in diet
Name two bacteria involved in the caries process
1- streptococcus mutans
2- lactobacillus
Bacteria and plague turn sugar into what?
Acid
Complete the following:
The main micro organism involved in dental caries process is —-. For caries to happen it reacts with —- to form acid.
—- is the process by where a breakdown occurs in the hydroxyapatite crystals, when —- and —- leach from the enamel.
If the process is reversed—- occurs
Streptococcus mutans, sugar, demineralisation, calcium, phosphate, remineralisation
What does the initials DMF stand for?
Decayed missing filled
List two methods of detecting caries
Radiographs, naked eye, probe, transillumination
What effect does the stephan curve show?
Effect sugar has on the pH of plaque
What is the critical pH level below which acid demineralises enamel?
PH 5 .5
What is an early carious lesion called?
White spot lesion
Give three examples of snacks/drinks considered safer for teeth
Water milk fruit nuts, cheese crisps
Give three courses, other than caries where tooth enamel can be lost
Attrition erosion, abrasion
Is it true toxins can cause caries.
False
Is it true sucrose can cause caries?
True
Is it true lactic acid can cause caries?
True
What is the most important for the prevention of caries?
Reducing the frequency of sugar intake
Bacterial acid attack on tooth enamel results in what?
Demineralisation
Bacterial acid attack on tooth enamel results in what?
Demineralisation
List three types of topical fluoride
Toothpaste, mouthwash, varnish
List three types of systemic fluoride
Water, tablets, drops
What is the recommended concentration of fluoride in the water supply?
One part per million
What is the approximate concentration of fluoride toothpaste recommended for an adult?
1500 ppm
What effect has fluoride on the tooth surface structure?
Strength enamel from acid attack
What is the main risk for children of applying too much fluoride toothpaste on a toothbrush?
Ingestion fluorosis
What is an example of a topical fluoride?
Toothpaste
List a piece of advice you would give to a teenager with a high rate and relevance
Restrict sugar to meal times to reduce number of acid attacks, use fluoride mouthwash/toothpaste daily strengthens enamel against acid attacks, Fisher sealant on posterior teeth to reduce/eliminate pits and fishers
