Caries (2) Flashcards
Define Caries:
Infectious microbiologic disease of the teeth that
results in localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissues.
caries is formed due to the acid
Epidemiology:
- Sex, race, geography
- Diet
- Hygiene
- Socioeconomics status
- Age
Incidence 4-8 years
Immature enamel
Incidence 11-18 years
more sugar/ more hygiene
Incidence more 55 years
Gingival retraction
Distribution
- Bilateral and symmetric often on both sides on the same tooth
- Teeth
- Surfaces
What are the most affected teeth?
- molars
- premolars
- incisors and canines
(most affected the molars and premolars)
Which surfaces are affected?
- occlusal 40-45%
- proximal 40-45%
- buccal and lingual 10%
Pathogenesis:
- microbes (plaque)
- substrate (diet)
- Host (individual characteristics, tooth surface)
- time
Whats the keyes triad?
- Microflora
- tooth
- diet
- tooth decay
When do we have a problem?
If those 3 things are not in the balance, we get caries
Whats the process of caries?
ph reduces, the acid produces caries in the mouth
On what does caries depend on?
It depends if we use fluoride toothpaste and how much fluoride the patient has
What are the primary cariogenic factors?
- Microorganism
- Diet
- Saliva
What do the microorganisms include?
- biofilm composition
- activity
What does the diet include?
- number exposures to sugar per day
- number of acidic exposures per day
What does the saliva include?
- consistency of unstimulated saliva
- ph of unstimulated saliva
- buffering capacity of stimulated saliva
What are secondary modifying factors?
- Past and present of dental status
- Past and present medical condition
- Accordance with advice on oral hygiene and diet • Lifestyle
- Socioeconomic status
Multifactorial disease
- Microbes (plaque)
- Substrate (Diet)
- Host (individual characteristics)
- Time
Biofilm
microbial community adhered to a substrate trough an extracellular polymeric matrix.
(in the plaque we have many types of bacterials, but not always it produces caries)
Bacterial dental plaque
Microbial community on the tooth’s surface in the form of a biofilm. Determinants in their composition: nutrients, oral hygiene, retentive surfaces.
(the bacteria produces some metabolic products, that other bacterial use)
Define Caries
PH alteration, composition and metabolic activity of the biofilm
Nutritional bacterial plaque factors:
- Endogenous
- Exogenous
- Inter bacterial
Endogenous
Saliva, gingival fluid, mucous.