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Geography Grade 9 > Caribbean climate and weather systems > Flashcards

Caribbean climate and weather systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is weather?

A

The daily conditon of the atmosphere of a particular place

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2
Q

What is climate?

A

The average conditon of the atomosphere of a particular place over a long period of time.

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3
Q

What is used to meausure temperature?

A

Thermometer

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4
Q

What is used to measure rain fall?

A

Rain gauge

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5
Q

What is used to measure atmospheric pressure?

A

Barometer

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6
Q

What is used to measure wind speed?

A

Anomometer

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7
Q

What is used to measure wind direction?

A

Wind vane

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8
Q

What is used to mesure humidity?

A

Hygrometer

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9
Q

What is used to measure sunshine?

A

Campbell stokes sunshine recorder

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10
Q

What is used to measure cloud cover?

A

Oktas

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11
Q

What are tropical areas?

A

Areas close to the equator about 23 1/2 south and 23 1/2 north

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12
Q

Where is the Caribbean located?

A

Between 5 and 25 degrees north latitude

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13
Q

What are the factors affecting climate?

A

Rain fall
Temperature
Atmospheric pressure

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14
Q

How does temperature affect climate?

A

High and uniform temperatures prevail through out the year but it varies greatly due to the distance from the equator and the position of the overhead sun

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15
Q

When is temperature highest?

A

Its highest in July when the sun is overhead places near the tropic of cancer

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16
Q

When is temperature lowest?

A

Its lowest in January when when the sun os overhead places near the tropic of capricorn

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17
Q

What are the 3 types of rainfall?

A

Convectional
Releif
Frontal

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18
Q

What causes convectional rainfall?

A

High temperatures

19
Q

What causes releif rainfall?

A

High landforms which forces winds to rise

20
Q

What causes frontal rainfall?

A

contrasting air masses meet

21
Q

Which month has the least amount of rainfall?

A

December

22
Q

What is used to show wind direction?

A

A straight line

23
Q

How are winds named?

A

Based on where they originated from

24
Q

What is precipitation?

A

The release of moisture from the clouds

25
Q

What is the steps in releif rainfall?

A

Warm air is force to rise over high lands
As the air rises it cools and condems and rainfall ocuurs
The warm goes over to the leeward side of the landform
Any moisture in the air evaporates

26
Q

What are the steps in convectional rainfall?

A

The sun heats the ground and warm air rises
As it rises it cools and release water water which condems to form clouds
When condensation point is reached large clouds are formed.
Heavy rain storms occur. This usually includes thunder and lightning.h

27
Q

What are the steps in frontal rainfall?

A

A mass of warm air meets a mass of cool air
The warm air overthrows the cool air
The water vapour is cooled at the front and condenses
Clouds form and precipitation occurs.

28
Q

What are some factors influencing temperature?

A

Altiitude
Latitude
Continentality

29
Q

How does alititude influence temperature?

A

Temperature decreases with increasing altitude. As land forms rise temperature decreases.

30
Q

What is the environmental lapse rate?

A

The rate at which temperature decreases with increasing altitiude. Every 164m it decreases by 1 degree celcius

31
Q

How does Latitude influence temperature?

A

The rays shine directly over the tropics. When the sun is overhead the equator the rays are overhead and travel a short distance to reach the earth. When the sun is overhead in the tropic of cancer they rays are spread out over and angular surface and takes a greater distance in reaching the earth.

32
Q

How does continentality influence temperature?

A

The earth heats up and loses heat more than is loses water. During the summer the cool sea breeze cools the land but before it reaches inland areas it gets warm
In the winter the warm air from the sea warms the land while inlad temperature remain low

33
Q

What is a weather system?

A

An atmospheric phenomenon that consists of atleast 3 elemnets working together to impact an area.

34
Q

What is a front?

A

A front is a boundary between between 2 air masses whoch have different characteristics.

35
Q

What is a cold front?

A

A cold front is a boundary between an advancing wedge of cold air undercutting a mass of warm air forcing it to rise.

36
Q

What are some characteristics of cold front?

A

Causes a decrease in temperature of areas they affect
Heavy rain falls on the boundary layers occuring on both sides of the front
Stormy clouds are associated with it
When it passes there is a change in wind direction and strength==

37
Q

Origin of cold fronts

A

cold air comes out the interior plain in the north, the american continent down to the caribbean region
The northers visit the caribbean bout 11 times per year affecting the climate in northern caribbean countries

38
Q

What are Stationary fronts?

A

The northers travel over the warm waters of the gulf of mexico and the Caribbean sea. It loses it temperature and strength. As it passes over the southern caribbean it becomes warm causing the development of the stationary front.

39
Q

What is the ITCZ

A

An area near the equator where trade winds meet. They converge horizontally in an area of low atmospheric pressure called the doldrums (where hot air rises)

40
Q

What are anticyclones?

A

Large area of high atomospheric pressure.During the summer there is a high pressure area over the atlantic ocean. It then goes down into the caribbean region often called the bermuda azores high

41
Q

What are tropical easterly waves?

A

A low pressure that develops within the trade winds belt. The develop off the coast of west Africa and move westerly towards the caribbean region

42
Q

What is atmospheric pressure measured in?

A

milibars

43
Q
A

Geography Grade 9 (2 decks)

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