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IM 7 Test 3 > Care of the Multi-system Trauma Patient > Flashcards

Care of the Multi-system Trauma Patient Flashcards

1
Q

triage

A

process of rapidly determining patient acuity

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2
Q

2 phases of triage

A

primary assessment

secondary assessment

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3
Q

pediatric assessment triangle

A

appearance

work of breathing

circulation

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4
Q

what does the primary assessment focus on (letters)

A

ABCDEFG

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5
Q

primary assessment A

A

airway with c spine stabilization and/or immobilization

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6
Q

primary assessment B

A

breathing

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7
Q

primary assessment C

A

circulation

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8
Q

primary assessment D

A

disability

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9
Q

primary assessment E

A

Exposure/environmental control

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10
Q

primary assessment F

A

facilitate adjuncts and family

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11
Q

primary assessment G

A

get resuscitation adjuncts

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12
Q

what does the secondary survey assess (2)

A

H and I

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13
Q

H in secondary assessment

A

history and head to toe assessment

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14
Q

I in secondary assessment

A

inspect the posterior surfaces

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15
Q

when is the medical examiner called

A

if patient dies in hospital or within 24 hours after discharge

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16
Q

why are elderly patients at high risk for injury X4

A

decreased visual acuity and peripheral vision

hearing loss

pre-existing disease and medication use

dementia and cognitive impairment

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17
Q

what should you assess before assuming dementia

A

hypoxia

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18
Q

what is heat exhaustion

A

prolonged exposure to heat and the body is unable to cool itself

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19
Q

s/s of heat exhaustion X5

A

VAGUE

fatigue
N/V
extreme thirst
diaphoresis
mild fever d/t dehydration
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20
Q

heat exhaustion tx X4

A

move to a cool area

remove constrictive clothing

decrease core temp

IV fluids if oral not tolerated

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21
Q

how can you lower core temperature X5

A

moist sheet covering

cool IV fluids

ice to groin and axilla

immerse in bath of cool water

fan

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22
Q

what is CI in heat exhaustion tx

A

no salt tablets d/t gastric irritation and hyperNa

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23
Q

who is likely to get heat exhaustion

A

anybody outside for extended time

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24
Q

what is heat stroke

A

failure of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory processes

sweat glands stop functioning and core temperature rises

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25
Q

heat stroke s/s X6

A

hot, dry, ashen skin

hallucinations

combativeness

loss of muscle coordination

cerebral edema

hemorrhage

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26
Q

what is death from heat stroke related to

A

the amount of time the patients body temperature remains elevated

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27
Q

who is likely to get heat stroke X5

A

super young

super old

chronic illness

football players

farmers

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28
Q

what is chlorpromazine

A

a paralytic

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29
Q

why is chlorpromazine given in heat stroke

A

shivering increases core temperature

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30
Q

when does aggressive temperature reduction begin

A

102+ degrees

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31
Q

complications from heat stroke X3

A

rhabdomyolysis

myoglobinuria

DIC

32
Q

rhabdomyolysis symptoms X2

A

tea colored urine

elevated CKMB

33
Q

what is frostbite

A

damage to the skin from freezing

34
Q

how is severity of frostbite determined

A

depth

temp

how long you were there

whether clothes were wet or dry

35
Q

frostbite tx

A

take off jewelry - body might swell

immerse infected part in temp controlled water

do not cover with heavy blankets or sheets

36
Q

water temperature for frostbite

A

98.6-104

37
Q

mild hypothermia temps

A

93.2-96.8

core temp of <95

38
Q

s/s of mild hypothermia X1

A

AMS

39
Q

moderate hypothermia temps

A

86-93.2

core temp of <86

40
Q

what happens to metabolism in hypothermia

A

decreases X3

41
Q

when can you pronounce a hypothermic patient dead

A

when they are rewarmed to at least 90 degrees

42
Q

what happens to the heart in moderate hypothermia

A

vulnerable to ventricle and atrial arrhythmia

43
Q

severe hypothermia temp

A

<86

44
Q

when does coma result in hypothermia

A

<82.4

45
Q

when does death occur in hypothermia

A

<78

46
Q

usual cause of death in hypothermia

A

usually refractory dysrhythmias

47
Q

tx of mild hypothermia

A

passive or active external rewarming

48
Q

tx of moderate-severe hypothermia

A

active core rewarming

49
Q

when do you stop rewarming

A

when core temp reaches 95 degrees

50
Q

what is a submersion injury

A

person becomes hypoxic due to submersion in water

51
Q

what is drowning

A

death from suffocation after submersion in water

52
Q

immersion syndrome

A

immersion in cold water which leads to vagus nerve stimulation and potentially fatal dysrhythmias

53
Q

near drowning

A

survival from potential drowning

54
Q

tx of submersion injuries X5

A

ABCD

mechanical ventilation

observe for a minimum of 4-6 hours

mannitol

c-collar

55
Q

why do we observe submersion injuries for 4-6 hours

A

delayed pulmonary edema

56
Q

who is at the greatest risk for animal bites

A

children

57
Q

most common cause of animal bites

A

dog and cats

58
Q

complications from dog bites X2

A

lots of muscle damage

usually on extremities

59
Q

who looks at all dog bites

A

plastics

60
Q

when are dog bites not sutured

A

after 6 hours

61
Q

what do cat bites look like

A

puncture wounds

62
Q

do dogs or cat bites have a greater infection risk

A

cat

63
Q

X3 infections caused by cat bites

A

septic arthritis

osteomyelitis

tenosynovitis

64
Q

what causes cat bite infections

A

pasturella

65
Q

what is boxers fracture

A

fracture of the 4th/5th finger from punching teeth

66
Q

complications from human bites X4

A

infection
hep
staph/strep
HIV

67
Q

what could human bites be a sign of

A

sexual abuse

68
Q

is a black widow bite neurotoxic or cytotoxic

A

neurotoxic

69
Q

is a brown recluse bite neurotoxic or cytotoxic

A

cytotoxic

70
Q

what is the venom in crotalidae/pit vipers

A

hemolytic

71
Q

what is the venom in elapidae

A

neurotoxic

72
Q

what is CO poisoning

A

CO binds to hbg which does not carry oxygen

73
Q

s/s of CO poisoning X5

A 
dizziness
nausea
HA
impaired judgment,
confusion
74
Q

CO poisoning tx X2

A

fresh air immediately

100% O2

75
Q

main intervention for intraocular foreign bodies

A

must remain in eye until OR

IM 7 Test 3 (5 decks)

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