Cardiovasculars System Flashcards
ACTIN
thin filament, component of a sarcomere or muscle unite
ADH
antidiuretic hormone, released in the posterior pituitary, causes retention of water
ALDOSTERONE
a hormone released from the adrenal cortex, which causes retention of sodium an water
ANGIOTENSIN
a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction, stimulates aldosterone and ADH release; part of the renin-angiotensin system
ARRHYTHMIA
a disruption in the cardiac rate or rhythm
ARTERIES
vessels that take blood away from the heart; muscular, resistance vessels
Baroreceptors, where are they located?
- also called pressure receptors
- specialized cells located in the arch of the aorta
- theses specialized cells are also located in the carotid arteries, which deliver blood directly to the brain
Where do the sensory input from the baroreceptors go?
they are received in the medulla in an area called the cardiovascular center
When blood pressure is high what do the baroreceptors?
-parasympathetic effects
medulla stimulates vasodilation and decrease the cardiac rate and output
low blood pressure, what do the baroreceptors do?
sympathetic effects
medulla directly stimulates an increase in the cardiac rate and output
-vasoconstriction
What is the function of Angiotensin 2
reacts with specific angiotensin receptors sites on blood vessels to cause intense vasoconstriction causing high resistance, high blood pressure, restoring blood flow to the kidneys and decrease release of renin
what is the therapeutic actions of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
act in the lungs to prevent ACE from converting angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
name the drugs affecting the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) to decrease blood pressure
ACE Inhibitors Angiotensin 2 receptors blockers (ARBs) Renin Inhibitors calcium channel blockers Vasodilators
name the hypertensive agents?
ACE inhibitors Angiotensin 2 receptors blockers (ARBs) Renin Inhibitors calcium channel blockers Vasodilators Diuretic agents sympathetic nervous system blockers
what is the therapeutic effect of Diuretic Agents
increase the excretion of sodium and water from the kidney