Cardiovascular Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

aorta

A

Largest artery in the body

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2
Q

apex of the heart

A

Lower tip of the heart

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3
Q

arteriole

A

Small artery

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4
Q

artery

A

Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Notice that artery and away begin with an a

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5
Q

atrioventricular node (AV node)

A

Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His toward the ventricles.

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6
Q

atrium (plural: atria)

A

One of two upper chambers of the heart

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7
Q

capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel. Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls

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8
Q

carbon dioxide (Co2)

A

Gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

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9
Q

coronary arteries

A

Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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10
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

Blood that is oxygen-poor

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11
Q

diastole

A

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat. (From Greek diastole, dilation.)

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12
Q

electrocardiogram

A

Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is represented by waves or deflections called, QRS, or T

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13
Q

endocardium

A

Inner lining of the heart

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14
Q

endothelium

A

Innermost lining of blood vessels

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15
Q

mitral valve

A

Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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16
Q

murmur

A

Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

17
Q

myocardium

A

Muscular, middle layer of the heart

18
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

Heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute

19
Q

oxygen

A

Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

20
Q

pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

A

Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning

21
Q

pericardium

A

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

22
Q

pulmonary artery

A

Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

23
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

24
Q

pulmonary valve

A

Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

25
Q

pulmonary vein

A

One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

26
Q

pulse

A

Beat of the heart as felt though the walls of the arteries

27
Q

septum (plural: septa)

A

Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum)

28
Q

sinoatrial node (SA node)

A

Pacemaker of the heart

29
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

Instrument to measure blood pressure

30
Q

systemic circulation

A

Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues

31
Q

systole

A

Contraction phase of the heartbeat. (From Greek systole, contraction.)

32
Q

tricuspid valve

A

Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three (tri-) leaflets, or cusps

33
Q

valve

A

Structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flow in only one direction.

34
Q

vein

A

Thin-walled vessel that carries blood from the body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood

35
Q

vena cava (plural: venae cavae)

A

Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart

36
Q

ventricle

A

One of two lower chambers of the heart

37
Q

venule

A

Small vein