Cardiovascular Sytsem Histoloogy Flashcards
The heart has a coronary vasculature that consists of
2 coronary arteries and cardiac veins
The wall of the heart is composed of three
layers,
the outside to the inside
I. Epicardium
II.Myocardium Loading…
III.Endocardium
Epicardium other name
Visceral layer of serous pericardium
Epicardium consists of
a single layer of mesothelial cells and underlying connective and adipose tissue.
●The blood vesse
Myocardium consists of
Cardiac muscle
Intercalated discs contain
Fascia adherens. ( stain he)
Macula adherens
Gap junctions
Endocardium consists of
1.Endothelium 2.Subendothelial : dense
connective tissue
3. Subendocardial layer
Each heart valve is composed of 3 layers
- The spongiosa is loose connective tissue located on the atrial or blood vessel side of each valve.
2.The fibrosa forms the core of the valve and contains fibrous extensions from the dense irregular connective tissue of the skeletal rings of the heart.
3.The ventricularis is immediately adjacent to the ventricular or atrial surface of
each valve and is covered with
Purkinje fibers’ myofibrils are located in
The periphery of the cell
The walls of arteries and veins are composed of three layers of the vascular wall, from the lumen outward are the following.
● tunica intima
● tunica media
● tunica adventitia
Tunica intima consists of
Endothelium a single layer of
squamous epithelial cells
2. Basal lamina of the endothelial cells (a thin extracellular layer composed of collagen, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins)
3. Subendothelial layer consisting of loose connective tissue.
➢The subendothelial layer of the intima contains a sheetlike layer or lamella of
fenestrated elastic material called the
The tunica media
➢consists primarily of
smooth muscle cells layer
The tunica adventitia is composed of longitudinally arranged collagenous tissue and a few elastic fibers
the tunica adventitia of large arteries and veins contains vessels called the
vasa vasorum
arteries are classified into three types on the basis of size and the characteristics of the tunica media.
1.Large arteries or elastic arteries 2.Medium arteries or muscular arteries 3.Small arteries
4. Arterioles
from the lumen outward are the following.
1.Tunica intima:of the elastic artery consists of
-endothelium, -subendothelial connective
tissue,
- internal elastic membrane 2.Tunica media
3.Tunica adventitia
In tunica intima cells are joined by
Zonkla occludens and gap junctions
The internal elastic membrane in elastic arteries is not apparent because it is one of many elastic layers in the wall of the vessel.
…. are the principal cells of the tunica adventitia
Fibroblasts and macrophages
The tunica adventitia of muscular arteries is relatively thick and is often separated from the tunica media by a recognizable
external elastic membrane
1.Muscular arteries
have more smooth muscle and less elastin in the tunica media than do elastic arteries.
2. Also, a prominent internal elastic membrane becomes apparent, helping to distinguish muscular arteries from elastic arteries.
3. The tunica adventitia of muscular arteries is relatively thick and is often separated from the tunica media by a recognizable external elastic membrane.
…may or may not be present in the arteriole.
Internal elastic membrane
Exam***
The capillaries don’t have the …
Tunica intima and tunica adventitia. Just simple squamous epithelium and basal membrane
three types of capillaries are described:*****
continuous capillaries,
fenestrated capillaries,
discontinuous capillaries.
