Cardiovascular System: The Heart

Question 1

Heart right side function?

Answer 1

Receives oxygen-poor blood from body tissues and then pumps this blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and dispel carbon dioxide.

Question 2

Heart left side function

Answer 2

Receives the oxygenated blood returning from the lungs and pumps this blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutrients to body tissue.

Question 3

Pulmonary circuit means?

Answer 3

Blood vessel that carry blood to and from the lungs.

Question 4

System circuit means?

Answer 4

Blood vessel that carry blood from all body tissues.

Question 5

What are The two receiving chambers of the heart?

Answer 5

The right atrium and left atrium, that receive blood returning from the systemic and pulmonary circuits.

Question 6

What are the two main pumping chambers of the heart?

Answer 6

The right ventricle and left ventricle that pump blood around the two circuits.

Question 7

Mediastinum means?

Answer 7

The medial cavity of the thorax.

Question 8

Pericardium means

Answer 8

It’s the double walled sac that encloses the heart.

Question 9

Fibrous pericardium means?

Answer 9

The loosely fitting superficial part of the sac of heart.

Question 10

Function of fibrous pericardium?

Answer 10

1) Protects the heart
2) Anchors it to surrounding structures
3) prevents overfilling of the heart with blood.

Question 11

Parietal layer of the heart?

Answer 11

Lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium.

Question 12

What are the layers of the heart wall?

Answer 12

The epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.

Question 13

Epicardium ?

Answer 13

The visceral layer of the serious pericardium.

Question 14

Myocardium?

Answer 14

The middle layer is composed mainly of cardiac muscles and forms the bulk of the heart.

Question 15

Functions of myocardium?

Answer 15

The layer of the heart that contracts.
The branching cardiac muscle cells are tethered to one another by crisscrossing connective tissue fibers and arranged in spiral or circular bundles.

Question 16

What does the cardiac skeleton does?

Answer 16

Reinforces the myocardium internally and anchors the cardiac muscle fibers.

Question 17

Endocardium meaning?

Answer 17

The third layer of the heart wall is a glistening white sheet of endothelium resting on a thin connective tissue layer.

Question 18

Interatrial septum?

Answer 18

The internal partition that divides the heart longitudinally.

Question 19

Interventricular septum

Answer 19

Separates the ventricles

Question 20

Coronary sulcus

Answer 20

Encircles the junction of the atria and ventricles like a crown.

Question 21

What are the 3 veins blood enter through from the right atrium.

Answer 21

Blood enters the right atrium by three veins.

1) the superior vena cava= returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm
2) the inferior vena Cava = returns blood from body areas below diaphragm
3) the coronary sinus = collects blood draining from the myocardium.

Question 22

What veins are necessary for blood to enter the left atrium?

Answer 22

4 pulmonary veins

Question 23

What are trabeculae carnea?

Answer 23

Irregular ridges of muscle that mark the internal walls of the ventricular chambers.

Question 24

How does the right ventricles pump blood?

Answer 24

The right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk, which routes the blood to the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Question 25

How does the left ventricle eject blood?

Answer 25

The left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta the largest artery in the body.