Cardiovascular System QMP Flashcards
Which of the following types of blood vessels act as a blood reservoir?
arteries
venules
capillaries
veins
arterioles
veins
The P wave of an ECG is created by the electrical activity associated with
ventricular depolarization
atrial repolarization
ventricular repolarization
atrial depolarization
interventriculkar septum depolarization
atrial depolarization
Which of the following does NOT directly affect stroke volume of the the left ventricle?
Parasympathetic stimulation
Amount of blood in ventricle prior to contraction
Pressure needed to open the aortic valve
Degree of stretch of the ventricle
Frank-Stirling law
Parasympathetic stimulation
Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart towards the body’s tissues are called
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries
arteries
The cardiovascular (CV) centre that regulates cardiac output is located in the
thalamus
pons
midbrain
medulla oblongata
hypothalamus
medulla oblongata
Movement of fluids and solutes out of the capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by
interstitial osmotic pressure
venous valves
endocytosuis
excytosis
blood colliod osmotic pressure
blood colliod osmotic pressure
The threshold for hypotension in adults is a resting blood pressure reading of
140/100 mmHg
120/80 mmHg
90/60 mmHg
120/60 mmHg
90/60 mmHg
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone released by the atria of the heart that
acts as a neurotranmitter in the ANS
reduces loss of sodium in the urine
reduces loss of water in the urine
increases blood volume
stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure
stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure
The normal pacemaker of the heart is the
atrioventricular AV node
sinoatrial SA node
bundle of His
atrioventricular AV bundle
Purkinje fibres
sinoatrial SA node
Blood is slowest as it moves through the
arterioles
capillaries
arteries
heart
veins
capillaries
Which of the following types of sensory receptors are involved in the regulation of blood pressure?
barorecptors and chemoreceptors
baroreceptors
proprioceptors
chemoreceptors
barorecptors, chemoreceptors and proprioceptors
barorecptors, chemoreceptors and proprioceptors
The left ventricle pumps blood directly into the
ascending aorta
vena cavae
pulmonary vein
pulmonary trunk
descending aorta
ascending aorta
The bulk of the structure of the heart consists of the
fibrous pericardium
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
serous pericardium
myocardium
The acronym TIA means
Terminal ischaemic attack
Total ischaemic attack
Transient ischaemic attack
Typical ischaemic attack
Transient ischaemic attack
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of vessels that blood follows to get from the vena cavae to the lungs?
left atrium, left ventricle, ascending aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary capillaries
right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaries
left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary capillaries
right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, pulmonary capillaries
right atrium, pulmonary pulmonary artery, right ventricle, pulmonary vein, pulmonary capillaries
right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaries
Movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by
blood colloid osmotic pressure
interstitiual fluid osmotic pressure
exocytosis
endocytosis
venous valves
blood colloid osmotic pressure
The pulse rate is a direct reflection of the
stroke volume
heart rate
respiratory rate
venous return
cardiac output
heart rate
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of stroke?
Loss or disturbed vision in one or both eyes
slurred speech or difficulty thinking of words
Diarrhoea and vomiting
Weakness, numbness, tingling on one side of the body
Diarrhoea and vomiting
Which of the following hormones influences blood pressure?
ADH
epinephrine
no repinephrine
angiotensin II
All of these hormones influence blood pressure
All of these hormones influence blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure assessed at the brachial artery using a sphygmomanometer is a measure of the pressure generated by the
right ventricle
left atrium
right atrium
left ventricle
left ventricle
The three vessels that deliver blood to the right atrium include the
three pulmonary veins
left and right carotid arteries and the iliac artery
superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus
two pulmonary veins and the pulmonary trunk
superior and inferior vena cavae and thge coronary arteries
superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus
Which type of blood vessel contains walls that are compoised of a single layer of endothelial cells and a basement membrane?
venules
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
capillaries
Which of the following characteristics would NOT be observed in a well trained athlete?
decreased heart rate
physiolocical cardiomegaly
increased resting cardiac output
resting bradycarddia
increased stroke volume
increased resting cardiac output
Which of the following statements comparing arteries to veins is NOT true?
Veins have valves, while arteries do not
The blood pressure is higher in arteries than veins
The lumen of an artery is larger in diameter than its corresponding vein
Arterial walls contain more elastic tissue than veins
The arterial wall is stronger than the veneous wall
The lumen of an artery is larger in diameter than its corresponding vein
The blood vessel that collects deoxygenated blood from the coronary circulation and delivers it to the right atrium is the
pulmonary sinus
sigmoid sinus
vena cava
coronary artery
coronary sinus
coronary sinus
The endothelium that lines all blood vessels consists of
Simple columnar cells
Simple squamous cells
Simple cuboidal cells
Stratified squamous cells
Transitional cells
Simple squamous cells
The rate of blood flow through a particular capillary network in a tissue is primarily controlled by
Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of venules
Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles
the pulse rate
constriction of the veins
how strong the heart is contracting
Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles
Which of the following arteries does NOT directly branch from the addominal aorta?
superior mesenteric arteries
common iliac afrteries
celiac trunk
internal iliac arteries
renal arteries
internal iliac arteries
