Cardiovascular System QMP

Question 1

Which of the following types of blood vessels act as a blood reservoir?

arteries

venules

capillaries

veins

arterioles

Answer 1

veins

Question 2

The P wave of an ECG is created by the electrical activity associated with

ventricular depolarization

atrial repolarization

ventricular repolarization

atrial depolarization

interventriculkar septum depolarization

Answer 2

atrial depolarization

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT directly affect stroke volume of the the left ventricle?

Parasympathetic stimulation

Amount of blood in ventricle prior to contraction

Pressure needed to open the aortic valve

Degree of stretch of the ventricle

Frank-Stirling law

Answer 3

Parasympathetic stimulation

Question 4

Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart towards the body’s tissues are called

arterioles

arteries

veins

venules

capillaries

Answer 4

arteries

Question 5

The cardiovascular (CV) centre that regulates cardiac output is located in the

thalamus

pons

midbrain

medulla oblongata

hypothalamus

Answer 5

medulla oblongata

Question 6

Movement of fluids and solutes out of the capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by

interstitial osmotic pressure

venous valves

endocytosuis

excytosis

blood colliod osmotic pressure

Answer 6

blood colliod osmotic pressure

Question 7

The threshold for hypotension in adults is a resting blood pressure reading of

140/100 mmHg

120/80 mmHg

90/60 mmHg

120/60 mmHg

Answer 7

90/60 mmHg

Question 8

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone released by the atria of the heart that

acts as a neurotranmitter in the ANS

reduces loss of sodium in the urine

reduces loss of water in the urine

increases blood volume

stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure

Answer 8

stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure

Question 9

The normal pacemaker of the heart is the

atrioventricular AV node

sinoatrial SA node

bundle of His

atrioventricular AV bundle

Purkinje fibres

Answer 9

sinoatrial SA node

Question 10

Blood is slowest as it moves through the

arterioles

capillaries

arteries

heart

veins

Answer 10

capillaries

Question 11

Which of the following types of sensory receptors are involved in the regulation of blood pressure?

barorecptors and chemoreceptors

baroreceptors

proprioceptors

chemoreceptors

barorecptors, chemoreceptors and proprioceptors

Answer 11

barorecptors, chemoreceptors and proprioceptors

Question 12

The left ventricle pumps blood directly into the

ascending aorta

vena cavae

pulmonary vein

pulmonary trunk

descending aorta

Answer 12

ascending aorta

Question 13

The bulk of the structure of the heart consists of the

fibrous pericardium

epicardium

myocardium

endocardium

serous pericardium

Answer 13

myocardium

Question 14

The acronym TIA means

Terminal ischaemic attack

Total ischaemic attack

Transient ischaemic attack

Typical ischaemic attack

Answer 14

Transient ischaemic attack

Question 15

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of vessels that blood follows to get from the vena cavae to the lungs?

left atrium, left ventricle, ascending aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary capillaries

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaries

left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary capillaries

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, pulmonary capillaries

right atrium, pulmonary pulmonary artery, right ventricle, pulmonary vein, pulmonary capillaries

Answer 15

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaries

Question 16

Movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by

blood colloid osmotic pressure

interstitiual fluid osmotic pressure

exocytosis

endocytosis

venous valves

Answer 16

blood colloid osmotic pressure

Question 17

The pulse rate is a direct reflection of the

stroke volume

heart rate

respiratory rate

venous return

cardiac output

Answer 17

heart rate

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of stroke?

Loss or disturbed vision in one or both eyes

slurred speech or difficulty thinking of words

Diarrhoea and vomiting

Weakness, numbness, tingling on one side of the body

Answer 18

Diarrhoea and vomiting

Question 19

Which of the following hormones influences blood pressure?

ADH

epinephrine

no repinephrine

angiotensin II

All of these hormones influence blood pressure

Answer 19

All of these hormones influence blood pressure

Question 20

Systolic blood pressure assessed at the brachial artery using a sphygmomanometer is a measure of the pressure generated by the

right ventricle

left atrium

right atrium

left ventricle

Answer 20

left ventricle

Question 21

The three vessels that deliver blood to the right atrium include the

three pulmonary veins

left and right carotid arteries and the iliac artery

superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus

two pulmonary veins and the pulmonary trunk

superior and inferior vena cavae and thge coronary arteries

Answer 21

superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus

Question 22

Which type of blood vessel contains walls that are compoised of a single layer of endothelial cells and a basement membrane?

venules

arteries

arterioles

capillaries

veins

Answer 22

capillaries

Question 23

Which of the following characteristics would NOT be observed in a well trained athlete?

decreased heart rate

physiolocical cardiomegaly

increased resting cardiac output

resting bradycarddia

increased stroke volume

Answer 23

increased resting cardiac output

Question 24

Which of the following statements comparing arteries to veins is NOT true?

Veins have valves, while arteries do not

The blood pressure is higher in arteries than veins

The lumen of an artery is larger in diameter than its corresponding vein

Arterial walls contain more elastic tissue than veins

The arterial wall is stronger than the veneous wall

Answer 24

The lumen of an artery is larger in diameter than its corresponding vein

Question 25

The blood vessel that collects deoxygenated blood from the coronary circulation and delivers it to the right atrium is the

pulmonary sinus

sigmoid sinus

vena cava

coronary artery

coronary sinus

Answer 25

coronary sinus

Question 26

The endothelium that lines all blood vessels consists of

Simple columnar cells

Simple squamous cells

Simple cuboidal cells

Stratified squamous cells

Transitional cells

Answer 26

Simple squamous cells

Question 27

The rate of blood flow through a particular capillary network in a tissue is primarily controlled by

Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of venules

Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles

the pulse rate

constriction of the veins

how strong the heart is contracting

Answer 27

Constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles

Question 28

Which of the following arteries does NOT directly branch from the addominal aorta?

superior mesenteric arteries

common iliac afrteries

celiac trunk

internal iliac arteries

renal arteries

Answer 28

internal iliac arteries