Cardiovascular System Part 2

Question 1

Capillaries specialises in the

Answer 1

Exchange of substances between blood and cells/tissues

Question 2

What type of walls do veins and venules have

Answer 2

Generally thin

The tunica externa is their thickest layer

Question 3

What has a thicker tunica media and more hence more muscular

Answer 3

Arteries and arterioles

Question 4

Which blood vessel contains valves

Answer 4

Veins

Question 5

The key function of the cardiovascular system is to

Answer 5

Keep blood flowing through capillaries to allow exchange of water nutrients and gases

Question 6

Which organ sorts and removes any threats

Answer 6

Liver

Question 7

What happens in hepatic first pass

Answer 7

The blood goes from digestive tract spleen pancreas and passes into the portal vein and goes directly to the live

Question 8

The vessel that carries absorbed substance

Answer 8

Portal vein

Question 9

Smooth muscle is influenced by

Answer 9

Autonomic nervous system

Question 10

Which reduces blood pressure vasodilation or vasoconstriction

Answer 10

Vasodilation

Question 11

The 3 layers of the heart

Answer 11

Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

Question 12

Myocardium consists of what type of muscle

Answer 12

Cardiac striated makes up 95 %of heart

Question 13

What delivers oxygenated blood to the myocardium

Answer 13

The coronary artery

Question 14

Which Chambers are the receiving ones

Answer 14

Atria

Question 15

What pump pumps blood into the ventricles

Answer 15

Atria pump

Question 16

The atria are separated by

Answer 16

Interatrial septum

Question 17

The ventricles are separated by

Answer 17

Interventricular septum

Question 18

Hypertension is a major risk factor for

Answer 18

Cardiovascular disease and a cerebrovascular event (stroke)

Question 19

Cerebrovascular is

Answer 19

A stroke

Question 20

Lipoproteins carry

Answer 20

Cholesterol in blood

Question 21

Where do lipoproteins take cholesterol from

Answer 21

Liver cells

Question 22

What does LDL low density lipoproteins do

Answer 22

Carry cholesterol from liver to cells in body

Question 23

What do HDL high density lipoproteins do

Answer 23

Remove excess cholesterol from body cells and blood and take it to liver

Question 24

NHS cholesterol guidelines levels should be

Answer 24

5mmol/L or less for healthy adults

4mmol/L for those high risk

Question 25

Cholesterol in excess can cause

Answer 25

Arterial plaque formation

Question 26

The heart location

Answer 26

Rests on diaphragm near the midline of thoracic cavity pointing left In thoracic cavity The heart is covered anteriorly by the sternum and ribs 3-6 Aoex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle and lies in the 5th intercostal space

Question 27

where is the AV Node located

Answer 27

in the interatrial septum

Question 28

in the conduction of the heart where is the only place action potentials can travel from Atria to Ventricles

Answer 28

Bundle Of His | (Atrioventricular AV

Question 29

The AV Node is connected to the

Answer 29

Bundle of his

Question 30

What generates the impulses in the conduction of the heart

Answer 30

SA Node Sinoatrial Node

Question 31

veins and venules always carry blood

Answer 31

towards the heart

Question 32

Receiving chambers of the heart

Answer 32

atria

Question 33

which is the thickest ventricle

Answer 33

left 10 15mm

Question 34

which artery delivers oxygenated blood to the myocardium

Answer 34

coronary

Question 35

Cardiac Output

Answer 35

the volume of blood being pumped out by the heart per minute which is a combination of HR and stroke volume

Question 36

Stroke volume is

Answer 36

the amount of blood ejected per beat from both ventricles

Question 37

whats is a slow Heart Rate called and how many beats per min

Answer 37

Bradycardia | under 60bpm

Question 38

Fill in blanks | All blood vessels have................... Which are influenced by..............

Answer 38

Smooth muscle | Autonomic nervous system

Question 39

Average pulse rate of adult

Answer 39

70-90 bpm

Question 40

What is Hypercholesterolaemia

Answer 40

high cholesterol in the blood

Question 41

Function of pericardium

Answer 41

To keep heart within position in thorax and allow free movement during contractions

Question 42

Function of Endocardium

Answer 42

Provides smooth lining for heart Chambers and covers valves

Question 43

Which odema would right side heart failure csusr

Answer 43

Systemic oedema

Question 44

What muscle is myocardium

Answer 44

Cardiac striated involuntary

Question 45

Ischemic heart disease due to obstruction or spasm which condition

Answer 45

Angina pectoris

Question 46

Stable or unstable which condition

Answer 46

Angina pectoris

Question 47

Pain radiates to where from chest in angina

Answer 47

Neck left shoulder and jaw