Cardiovascular System: Chapter 17 Flashcards
What type of blood does the right-side of the heart receive?
Receives Oxygen-poor blood; it pumps to the lungs to get rid of CO2 and pick up O2 via the pulmonary circuit
What type of blood does the left-side of the heart receive?
Receives Oxygenated blood from the lungs; pumps to body tissues via systemic circuit
What are the two receiving chambers of the heart?
Right and Left Atrium
Which atrium receives blood from from the systemic circuit
Right Atrium
Which atrium receives blood from the pulmonary circuit
Left Atrium
What are the two pumping chambers of the heart?
Right and Left Ventricle
Which ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary circuit?
Right Ventricle
Which ventricle pumps blood through the systemic circuit?
Left Ventricle
Where is the heart located?
In the mediastinum between the second rib and 5th intercostal space
Where does the apex point to?
Left hip
What is the double-walled sac that covers the heart?
Pericardium
What protects and anchors to surrounding structures and prevents overfilling?
Fibrous Pericardium
What lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?
Parietal Layer
What lines the external surface of the heart?
Visceral Layer or Epicardium
What are these two layers separated by a fluid filled cavity? what is this cavity called?
To decrease friction;Pericardial Cavity
What is it called when there is inflammation of the Pericardium?;Pericardial friction rub, “creaking sound heard with stethoscope”
Pericarditis
What is it called when there is a built-up of excess fluid in the pericardial sac which puts pressure on heart and may prevent it from pumping effectively?
Cardiac Temponade
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
Epicardium,Myocardium,Endocardium
What is the visceral layer of serous pericardium?
Epicardium
What is the muscle of the heart?
Myocardium
What layer of the heart lines heart chambers; and is continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels
Endocardium
What are three veins that empty into the right atrium?
SVC,IVC,Coronary Sinus
What type of veins empty into the left atrium?
Four pulmonary veins
What separates the atria?
Interatrial Septum
What separates the ventricles?
Interventricular Septum
What are the irregular ridges of muscle on the walls of the heart?
Trabeculae Carneae
What anchor the chordae tendineae?
Papillary Muscles
What is considered to be the actual pumps of the heart and has thicker walls than the atria?
Ventricles
What is right AV valve?
Tricuspid
What is the left AV Valve; AKA Mitral
Biscupid
What are the two semilunar valves?
Aortic and Pulmonary Semilunar Valves
What is this condition when blood backflows so heart repumps same blood over and over?
Incompetent Valve
What is this condition when stiff flapps constrict opening and the heart must exert more force to pump blood?;Can be replaced with cadaver valve
Valvular Stenosis
What circuit is short, and has low-pressure circulation?
Pulmonary Circuit
What circuit is long and has high friction
Systemic Circuit
What artery supplies interventricular septum, anterior ventricular walls, left atrium, and posterior wall of left ventricle
Left Coronary Artery
What artery supplies right atrium and most of right ventricle?
Right Coronary Artery
what type of veins collect blood from capillary beds?
Cardiac Veins
What empties into the right atrium which is formed by merging cardiac veins?
Coronary Sinus
What is thoracic pain caused by fleeting deficiency in blood delivery; Cells weakened
Angina Pectoris
What prolonged coronary blockage and the areas of cell death is repaired with noncontractile scar tissue?
Myocardial Infarction
Which will contract first? Atria or Ventricles
Atria
What is known as the pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial Node (SA) Node
