Cardiovascular system

Question 1

What are the different type of vessels in the circulatory system?

Answer 1

Veins
Arteries
Venule
Capillary
Arteriole

Question 2

Describe the three types tissue layers in vessels.

Answer 2

Tunica adventitia: an outer layer of fibrous tissue which protects and supports the vessel.

Tunica media: a middle later containing varying amounts of smooth muscle and elastic tissue.

Tunica intima (endothelium): a smooth lining layer only one cell thick.

Question 4

Describe the function of capillaries.

Answer 4

The smallest arterioles branch into capillaries. Capillary walls consists of a single layer of tunica intima (endeothelium). They’re per able to water and other small molecules to allow for rapid exchange of materials.

Question 5

Describe the structure of veins and venules.

Answer 5

Capillaries converge to form venules. Blood passing through capillaries does so at a very low pressure, therefore venuous walls are thinner than arterial.
Some veins have valves to prevent back flow due to the low pressure.

Question 6

Describe the structure of arteries and arterioles.

Answer 6

Arterial walls are thicker to withstand higher pressure of blood.
Within the largest arteries, the tunica media contains more elastic tissue and little smooth muscle to allow the vessel wall to stretch, therefore absorbing the pressure of the heart when it beats.
Arterioles branch off arteries and their tunica media consists of mainly smooth muscle.