Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Where is the heart located in the thoracic cavity?
Ventral side, between the lungs
Where is the heart located?
In the mediastinum in the thoracic cavity, resting on the diaphragm
What membrane is the heart surrounded by?
Pericardial Sac
What are the layers of the heart wall?
Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
What is the outermost layer of the heart wall?
epicardium
What is the middle layer in the heart wall?
Myocardium
What is the innermost layer of the heart wall?
Endocardium
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
2 upper chambers(atria), 2 lower chambers(ventricles)
What are the functions of the 2 Atrias in the heart?
Right Atrium receives oxygen-poor blood
Left Atrium receives oxygen-rich blood
What are the functions of the 2 Ventricles in the heart?
Right ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood
Left ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood
Explain the pulmonary circuit
Carries blood to and from the lungs
Explain the systemic circuit
Carries blood to and from the entire body
Why is the myocardium in the left ventricle thicker than in the right ventricle?
The left ventricle must generate a higher pressure because the systemic circuit is more extensive, consisting of more vessels which present greater resistance to the flow of blood
What is the function of the 4 heart valves?
To prevent back flow and ensure unidirectional flow through the heart
What are the 4 heart valves?
2 atrioventricular (AV) valves, 2 semilunar (SL) valves
What are the 2 atrioventricular(AV) valves?
Tricuspid valve, Mitral valve
What are the 2 semilunar(SL) valves?
Pulmonary SL valve
Aortic SL valve
