Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Hemoglobin is made of two parts. What are they?
Heme (iron part) and Globin
(protein part)
The heme portion of blood can further be broken down into what two
components?
Iron and biliruben
Where are red blood cells made?
Red bone marrow
Which type of white blood cell makes antibodies?
Lymphocyte
What is serum?
Watery portion of plasma
Describe the flow of blood as it goes through the heart.
Right atrium- Right ventricle- Lungs-
Left atrium- Left ventricle- Body
What are the A-V and semilunar valves doing during atrial contraction?
During atrial contraction the A-V valve is open and
semilunar is closed.
What are the A-V and semilunar valves doing during ventricular contraction?
During ventricular contraction the A-V is closed and
semilunar is open.
What is a red blood cell also called?
Erythrocyte
What is a white blood cell also called?
Leukocyte
What are platelets also called?
Thrombocytes
Which white blood cell is a scavenger cell eating debris and bacteria?
Monocyte
List in order the path for the cardiac impulses going through the heart.
S-A node- A-V node- Bundle of His- Purkinje Fibers
When is blood pressure in your arteries the highest?
Systole
The left side of your heart pumps blood to your
body
The right side of your heart pumps blood to your
lungs
Characteristics of arteries
Arteries have thick muscular walls
Characteristics of capillaries
Capillaries are microscopic and thin
Characteristics of veins
Veins have thinner walls than arteries and contain valves
Describe the characteristics of an erythrocyte
Biconcave disk shape, no nucleus, life span of 120 days, contains hemoglobin
Describe platelets
Cell fragment, no nucleus
Which element is needed for hemoglobin?
Iron
What type of leukocyte is the least common?
Basophil
What type of leukocyte is the most common?
Neutrophil
What does the plasma protein Albumin do?
Maintains osmotic balance
What is sickle cell anemia caused by?
A genetic disorder/mutation. 1 nitrogen
base is different, causes shape of red blood cell to change.
What is physiologic jaundice?
Underdeveloped liver in babies, makes skin
yellow.
Blood in the superior vena cava came from what part of your body?
Arms and head
What is the natural pace maker of the heart called?
SA Node
What is the instrument to measure blood pressure called?
Sphygmomenometer
What are baroreceptors?
Pressure receptors in the carotid and aortic arteries.
Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?
Right
How does blood from your toe get back up to your heart?
Valves in the veins and muscle contractions.
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do to your heart rate?
Slows it down
What does the sympathetic nervous system do to your heart rate?
Speeds it up
How much blood does the average heart pump out each time it beats?
70 mL
What part of your brain controls your heart rate?
Medulla/ brain stem
What blood type is the universal donor?
O
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB
The heart muscle gets its blood by what blood vessels?
Coronary
Lub and dub heart sounds are made by what?
Closing of heart valves
What blood vessel is blood pressure highest in?
Arteries
Which type of blood cell lives for around 120 days?
Red blood cells / erythrocytes
What does erythropoietin do?
It is a hormone from your kidneys that tells
your bones to make more blood.
What do valves do?
Permit blood to flow in one direction
Veins have
Larger diameters, thinner muscles, and pump blood to the heart
Arteries have
Thick muscles that pump blood away from the heart
