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Anatomy > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Hemoglobin is made of two parts. What are they?

A

Heme (iron part) and Globin
(protein part)

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2
Q

The heme portion of blood can further be broken down into what two
components?

A

Iron and biliruben

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3
Q

Where are red blood cells made?

A

Red bone marrow

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4
Q

Which type of white blood cell makes antibodies?

A

Lymphocyte

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5
Q

What is serum?

A

Watery portion of plasma

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6
Q

Describe the flow of blood as it goes through the heart.

A

Right atrium- Right ventricle- Lungs-
Left atrium- Left ventricle- Body

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7
Q

What are the A-V and semilunar valves doing during atrial contraction?

A

During atrial contraction the A-V valve is open and
semilunar is closed.

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8
Q

What are the A-V and semilunar valves doing during ventricular contraction?

A

During ventricular contraction the A-V is closed and
semilunar is open.

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9
Q

What is a red blood cell also called?

A

Erythrocyte

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10
Q

What is a white blood cell also called?

A

Leukocyte

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11
Q

What are platelets also called?

A

Thrombocytes

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12
Q

Which white blood cell is a scavenger cell eating debris and bacteria?

A

Monocyte

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13
Q

List in order the path for the cardiac impulses going through the heart.

A

S-A node- A-V node- Bundle of His- Purkinje Fibers

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14
Q

When is blood pressure in your arteries the highest?

A

Systole

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15
Q

The left side of your heart pumps blood to your

A

body

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16
Q

The right side of your heart pumps blood to your

A

lungs

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17
Q

Characteristics of arteries

A

Arteries have thick muscular walls

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18
Q

Characteristics of capillaries

A

Capillaries are microscopic and thin

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19
Q

Characteristics of veins

A

Veins have thinner walls than arteries and contain valves

20
Q

Describe the characteristics of an erythrocyte

A

Biconcave disk shape, no nucleus, life span of 120 days, contains hemoglobin

21
Q

Describe platelets

A

Cell fragment, no nucleus

22
Q

Which element is needed for hemoglobin?

A

Iron

23
Q

What type of leukocyte is the least common?

A

Basophil

24
Q

What type of leukocyte is the most common?

A

Neutrophil

25
Q

What does the plasma protein Albumin do?

A

Maintains osmotic balance

26
Q

What is sickle cell anemia caused by?

A

A genetic disorder/mutation. 1 nitrogen
base is different, causes shape of red blood cell to change.

27
Q

What is physiologic jaundice?

A

Underdeveloped liver in babies, makes skin
yellow.

28
Q

Blood in the superior vena cava came from what part of your body?

A

Arms and head

29
Q

What is the natural pace maker of the heart called?

A

SA Node

30
Q

What is the instrument to measure blood pressure called?

A

Sphygmomenometer

31
Q

What are baroreceptors?

A

Pressure receptors in the carotid and aortic arteries.

32
Q

Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?

A

Right

33
Q

How does blood from your toe get back up to your heart?

A

Valves in the veins and muscle contractions.

34
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do to your heart rate?

A

Slows it down

35
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system do to your heart rate?

A

Speeds it up

36
Q

How much blood does the average heart pump out each time it beats?

A

70 mL

37
Q

What part of your brain controls your heart rate?

A

Medulla/ brain stem

38
Q

What blood type is the universal donor?

A

O

39
Q

What blood type is the universal recipient?

A

AB

40
Q

The heart muscle gets its blood by what blood vessels?

A

Coronary

41
Q

Lub and dub heart sounds are made by what?

A

Closing of heart valves

42
Q

What blood vessel is blood pressure highest in?

A

Arteries

43
Q

Which type of blood cell lives for around 120 days?

A

Red blood cells / erythrocytes

44
Q

What does erythropoietin do?

A

It is a hormone from your kidneys that tells
your bones to make more blood.

45
Q

What do valves do?

A

Permit blood to flow in one direction

46
Q

Veins have

A

Larger diameters, thinner muscles, and pump blood to the heart

47
Q

Arteries have

A

Thick muscles that pump blood away from the heart

Anatomy (3 decks)

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