Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

APP > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Uses of the cardiovascular system

A

To transport nutrients, gases and waste products around the body
To protect the body from infection and blood loss
To help maintain a constant body temprature
To help maintain fluid balance in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Components of the cardiovascular system

A

Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

A

The two major veins carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart.
Superior carries blood from the superior (higher) part of the body
Inferior carries blood from the inferior (lower) part of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Right Atrium

A

The first chamber of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Allows the deoxygenated blood to move from the Right atrium to the right ventricle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

Allows the deoxygenated blood to move from right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Transports the deoxygenated blood to the lungs to complete gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pulmonary Vein

A

Transports oxygenated blood to the Left atrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Left atrium

A

The third chamber of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mitral Valve

A

Transports oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Fourth chamber of the heart, very large muscle wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Aortic valve

A

Allows oxygenated blood to leave the left ventricle and go up the aorta to supply blood to the rest of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Valves

A

Prevent the back flow of blood and makes it a one way system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pericardium

A

The outside layer of the heart wall, made of epithileal and connective tissue
The pericardium has a pericardial cavity which allows the heart to expand and contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Endocardium

A

The inside layer of the heart wall, made up of epithelial and connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Myocardium

A

The middle layer of the heart wall, made of cardiac muscle

17
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

A tissue made up of cardiac myocytes.
Made up of striated (striped), branched and unnucleated fibres
Fibres joined by intercelated disks that conduct electrical impulses from one cell to another

18
Q

ATP

A

Adenosine tri-phosphate is the energy currency of the body. Produced by the mitochondria and allows cardiac muscles to contract.

19
Q

Name the types of blood vessels

A

Veins, arteries, venules, arterioles and capillaries

20
Q

Capillaries

A

The type of blood vessels where gas exchange occurs again. It happens next to tissues. Wall is made of a single layer of cells.

21
Q

Veins

A

Thin layer of muscle and elastic fibre, large lumen and thin outer wall.
Have valves which prevent back flow
Takes blood back to the heart

22
Q

Artery

A

Thick outer wall, thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres, small lumen
Pushes blood away from the heart

23
Q

Factors in pulse

A

Rhythm, strength, lying or standing, anxiety levels

Measured in bpm

24
Q

Blood

A

Liquid that carries oxygen, nutrients and waste products around the body.
Made up of erthyrocytes, leukocytes, plasma and platelets in different concentrations

25
Q

Sinoatrial Node

A

Nervous Tissue
Natural pacemaker of the heart, causes all heart beats and determines the heart rate.
Stimulates both left and right atria and causes them to contract, to allow the last 30% of deoxygenated blood to flow into the ventricles.

26
Q

Atrioventricular Node

A

Nervous Tissue
Delays the passage of electrical impulses to the ventricles. This is to make sure the atria have ejected all the blood into the ventricles before the ventricles contract.

27
Q

Bundle of HIS

A

Nervous Tissue
Also known as the AV bundle.
Takes the signal from the AV node and divides them into left and right bundles

28
Q

Left and Right bundle branch

A

Nervous Tissue

Conducts the electrical signals to the apex (tip) of the heart. Which then spreads to purkinje fibres.

29
Q

Purkinje Fibres

A

Nervous Tissue

Turns upwards and spreads electricle signals through the whole ventricular myocardium.

30
Q

Depolarisation

A

Depolarisation through cardiomyocytes will cause the cardiac muscle to contract.

31
Q

P Wave

A

When atria are full of blood the SA node fires, cause the mocardial cells in the atriums to depolarise and contract, this forms a P wave on the ECG reading.

32
Q

P-Q Signal

A

The time taken for the electrical signal to travel from the SA node to the AV node.

33
Q

QRS Complex

A

Represents the firing of the AV node and the depolarisation of the ventricles, whaich causes them to contract

34
Q

S-T Signal

A

Plateau in the hearts action potential, this is when the ventricles contract and pump blood.

35
Q

T wave

A

Shows ventricular repolarization directly before ventricular relaxation.

36
Q

Systole

A

When atria or ventricles are contracting
Atrial systole 0.1 seconds
Ventricle systole 0.3 seconds

37
Q

Diastole

A

When the atria or the ventricles are relaxed.

Complete diastole 0.4 seconds

APP (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions