cardiovascular physiology

Question 1

pulse

Answer 1

refers to the alternating surges of pressure (expansion and recoil) in an artery that occurs with each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle

Question 2

bradycardia

Answer 2

a slow heart rate
heart beats fewer than 60 times a minute

Question 3

tachycardia

Answer 3

a fast heart rate, over 100 bpm

Question 4

what s “resting heart rate” and when would be this measured

Answer 4

resting heart rate is the heart pumping the lowest amount of blood you need because you’re not exercising
measured after waking up

Question 5

central tendency

Answer 5

the tendency of the data to cluster around certain values and may be measured as the mean, median, mode.

Question 6

mean

Answer 6

sum of all values / sample size

Question 7

median

Answer 7

value above and below which half the vaues lie; if there are an even number of vales take the mean of 2 median values

Question 8

mode

Answer 8

most frequently occuring value

Question 9

variability

Answer 9

a measure of how dissimilar values are

Question 10

range

Answer 10

(lowest to highest value)

Question 11

korotkoff’s sounds

Answer 11

the pressure at which the sounds are detected is the systolic

Question 12

factors that might cause a healthy person’s blood pressure be elevated

Answer 12

stress, caffeine, exercise

Question 13

define hypertension

Answer 13

abnormally high BP (140/90)

Question 14

primary hypertension (essential hypertension)

Answer 14

results in high blood pressure and can does not have a definitive cause/ underlying condition

Question 15

secondary hypertension

Answer 15

results in high blood pressure and has a known cause

Question 16

contributing factors to primary hypertension

Answer 16

age, obesity, diet, race, alcohol, physical inactivity, lifestyle

Question 17

how to estimate maximum heart rate

Answer 17

220 minus age

Question 18

what are the canadian physical activity recommendations for duration and intensity of cardiovascular activity of adults

Answer 18

150min/week

Question 19

which value increased most with exercise, explain

Answer 19

systolic due to increase in preload

Question 20

what happens when the P-R interval is lengthened

Answer 20

indicates delayed conduction of the sinoatrial nodal impulse to the ventricles and is called first-degree AV block

Question 21

what happens when the QT interval is lengthened

Answer 21

indicated a irregular heart beat rhythm that can be seen on an electrocardiogram, reflects the disturbance in how the heart’s bottom chambers (ventricles) send signals

Question 22

cardiac stress test

Answer 22

measures the hearts ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment. the stress response is induced by exercise or by intravenous pharmacological stimulation

Question 23

exercise stress test

Answer 23

walk on a treadmill or peddle a bike and increase speed or inclination gradually

looking for heart response to physical activity and how the heart works during physical activity

Question 24

nuclear imaging stress test

Answer 24

a picture is taken of the heart metabolically using nuclear technology while resting and taking another one after doing a activity

determine how metabolically active heart is at rest compared to different activities

can diagnose and show how severe the condition is

Question 25

pharmacologic dobutamine stress nuclear study

Answer 25

injects a drug called dobutamine to mimic heart rate while doing an exercise

determines coronary artery disease and determine your risk of heart attack. whether or not patient has a significant blockages in heart arteries along with assessment of pumping function of heart