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BIO 153 LAB > cardiovascular anatomy > Flashcards

cardiovascular anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the term auricle mean

A

ear shaped anatomical lobe

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2
Q

what separates the right auricle with the right ventricle

A

coronary sulcus

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3
Q

what separates the right and left ventricle

A

interventricular sulcus

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4
Q

where does the right coronary sit

A

coronary sulcus

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5
Q

when blood flow through the coronary artery is blocked, what happens to the heart muscle

A

weaken the heart muscle leading to heart failure; decrease bloodflow → less oxygen → heart failure (ischemia)

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6
Q

how many cusps does the tricuspid valve have

A

3

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7
Q

what is the function of the tricuspid valve

A

prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium

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8
Q

carries oxygenated bood

A

pulmonary veins

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9
Q

carries deoxygenated blood

A

pulmonary arteries

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10
Q

prevents backflow of blood to the left atrium

A

bicuspid or mitral valve

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11
Q

why is the left ventricular wall much thicker than the wall of the right ventricle

A

pumps oxygenated blood in the entire systemic system

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12
Q

aortic semilunar valve

A

prevents backflow to the left ventricle

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13
Q

chordae tendineae and papillary muscles

A

strands of connective tissue that prevent the collapse of valve when ventricles contract

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14
Q

arteries

A

transport oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart

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15
Q

veins

A

transport deoxygenated blood TOWARDS the heart

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16
Q

capillaries

A

site of exchange between blood and tissues, nutrients, gasses, wastes

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17
Q

tunica externa / adventitia

A

superficial
fibrous c.t. (collagen + elastic fibers)

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18
Q

tunica media

A

middle
smooth muscle + elastic c.t

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19
Q

tunica interna / intima

A

deep
endothelium lining → simple squamous → ;lines vessels
basement membrane → loose areolar c.t
elastic membrane → elastic c.t.

20
Q

which of these blood vessels may have valves

A

veins

21
Q

which of these vessels has a thick tunica media

A

arteries

22
Q

which of these blood vessels is most elastic

A

arteries

23
Q

which tunic plays an active role on blood pressure regulation

A

tunica media b/c it has smooth muscle (contracts and dilate)

24
Q

which tunic provides a supporting and protective coat

A

tunica externa

25
Q

which tunic consists of a single layer of cells

A

tunica interna

26
Q

what type of blood vessels consists of endothelium only

A

capillaries

27
Q

what type of tissue forms the tunica media

A

smooth muscle

28
Q

what type of tissue forms the endothelium

A

simple squamous

29
Q

what type of tissue forms the tunica exerna

A

fibrous c.t

30
Q

the coronary arteries originate from the base of the

A

aorta

31
Q

the coronary sinus delivers deoxygenated blood to the

A

right atrium

32
Q

what is CAD

A

Coronary Artery Disease

33
Q

explain what coronary ischemia is and what causes this condition

A

less blood flow to the heart causing the muscle to suffer
narro

34
Q

explain what coronary ischemia is and what causes this condition

A

less blood flow to the heart causing the muscle to suffer
narrow arteries → less blood flow → less oxygen → muscle suffers

35
Q

explain what a myocardial infarction is

A

lack of 02 to the myocardium

36
Q

explain what is a coronary bypass graft

A

portion of vein to graft heart

37
Q

what 2 pairs of major arteries can the brain receive oxygenated blood from

A

internal carotid and vertebral arteries

38
Q

the internal carotid and vertebral arteries is connected by a ring shaped anastomosis called the

A

circle of willis

39
Q

the vertebral arteries pass through the transverse foramina of what bones

A

cervical vertebrae

40
Q

the circle of willis encircles the infundibulum of what endocrine gland

A

pituitary gland

41
Q

what is CVA and its common term

A

cerebrovascular accident; common term is stroke

42
Q

what is the 3 possible signs or symptoms of a CVA

A

Face is drooped
Arms falls
Speech slurred
time to call

43
Q

the middle cerebral artery is a common site of a CVA, explain why

A

it is related to the embolism that comes from the internal carotid

44
Q

a CVA involving the left branch of this artery will affect sensation and motor function on which side of the body? explain

A

right side b/c of contralateral innervation

45
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

open bleed in the brain; ruptured blood vessel → aneurysm

46
Q

thrombotic stroke

A

blockage preventing the blood flow

BIO 153 LAB (5 decks)

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