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My NBCE Part 1 - Cardiovascular Physiology > Cardiovascular Phys - Red Book > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Phys - Red Book Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac Mechanism is a 2 step pump. 1st step is what? 2nd step?

A

1st - atrial contraction

2nd - ventricular contraction

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2
Q

What is diastolic phase - atria fills _______ ventricle.

A

before

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3
Q

Ventricles are ____% full before atrial contraction.

A

80

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4
Q

What valves close and open during systolic phase?

A

Close - AV valves (tricuspid and mitral)

Open - Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary)

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5
Q

First heart sound? Stage? Event?

A

LUB
Systole
Closure of AV valves

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6
Q

Second heart sound? Stage? Event?

A

DUB
Diastole
Closure of semilunar valves

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7
Q

What is the electrophysiology conduction system?

A

SA node –> Intermodal Pathways –> AV node –> Bundle of His –> Purkinjie fibers –> Ventricles

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8
Q

ECG - P wave

A

Atrial depolarization

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9
Q

ECG - QRS wave

A

Ventricular depolarization

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10
Q

ECG - T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization

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11
Q

ECG - U wave

A

Papillary muscle repolarization

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12
Q

Hemodynamics - Poisulle’s Law - Flow is proportional to what?

A

Driving pressure

Radios of tube (to 4th power)

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13
Q

Hemodynamics - Poisulle’s Law - Flow is INVERSELY proportional to what?

A

tube length

viscosity

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14
Q

Flow = what?

A

Pressure/resistance

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15
Q

Effect of Vagal or ACh on heart?

A

Slows heart
Decreases contraction strength
Decreases velocity of conduction

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16
Q

Effect of Sympathetic or NE on heart?

A

Increases HR & force

Opens calcium channels

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17
Q

Hyperkalemia effect on heart?

A

Decreases HR

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18
Q

Hypokalemia effect on heart?

A 
Increases HR (initially)
Decreases HR (eventually)
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19
Q

Hyper/Hypokalemia is what?

A

Abnormally high or low potassium in blood

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20
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Right Atrium.

A

2 mm Hg

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21
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Right Ventricle.

A

25 mm Hg

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22
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Pulmonary Artery.

A

15 mm Hg

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23
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Pulmonary Veins.

24
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Left Atrium.

25
Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Left Ventricle.
120 mm Hg
26
Lymphatic system pressure?
-6 to +5 mm Hg
27
Lymphatic system flow per day?
4 L/day
28
Right lymphatic drain to?
Right lymphatic duct
29
Left lymphatic drain to?
Thoracic duct
30
Lymphatic drainage is located at the junction or what two veins?
Subclavian and internal jugular veins
31
Organ circulation flow in kidneys?
1 L/min (20% of CO)
32
Organ circulation flow in splanchnic?
1.5L L/min
33
Organ circulation flow in skeletal muscle?
1.5 L/min
34
Organ circulation flow in lung tissue?
1%
35
Carbon dioxide transport: % dissolved CO2
7%
36
Carbon dioxide transport: % combined with hemoglobin?
23%
37
Carbon dioxide transport: % bicarbonate?
70%
38
Chloride shift: Bicarbonate ions diffuse ____ of RBC.
out
39
Chloride shift: Chloride ions diffuse ____ the RBC
into
40
When bicarbonate ions diffuse out of the RBC where do they go?
Into the plasma.
41
What blood type is the universal donor?
O
42
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB
43
Blood type ____ has NO agglutinogens?
O
44
Blood type ____ has type A agglutinogens?
A
45
Blood type ____ has type B agglutinogens?
B
46
Blood type ____ has type A & B agglutinogens?
AB
47
Blood type O has what type of agglutinins?
Anti-A and Anti-B
48
Blood type A has what type of agglutinins?
Anti-B
49
Blood type B has what type of agglutinins?
Anti-A
50
Blood type AB has what type of agglutinins?
NONE
51
What is the frequency of blood type O?
47%
52
What is the frequency of blood type A?
41%
53
What is the frequency of blood type B?
9%
54
What is the frequency of blood type AB?
3%
55
What is blood clotting activator for extrinsic pathway?
Tissue thromboblastin
56
What is the blood clotting activator for intrinsic pathways?
Collagen, glass

My NBCE Part 1 - Cardiovascular Physiology (5 decks)

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