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My NBCE Part 1 - Cardiovascular Physiology > Cardiovascular Phys - Red Book > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Phys - Red Book Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac Mechanism is a 2 step pump. 1st step is what? 2nd step?

A

1st - atrial contraction

2nd - ventricular contraction

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2
Q

What is diastolic phase - atria fills _______ ventricle.

A

before

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3
Q

Ventricles are ____% full before atrial contraction.

A

80

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4
Q

What valves close and open during systolic phase?

A

Close - AV valves (tricuspid and mitral)

Open - Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary)

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5
Q

First heart sound? Stage? Event?

A

LUB
Systole
Closure of AV valves

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6
Q

Second heart sound? Stage? Event?

A

DUB
Diastole
Closure of semilunar valves

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7
Q

What is the electrophysiology conduction system?

A

SA node –> Intermodal Pathways –> AV node –> Bundle of His –> Purkinjie fibers –> Ventricles

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8
Q

ECG - P wave

A

Atrial depolarization

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9
Q

ECG - QRS wave

A

Ventricular depolarization

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10
Q

ECG - T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization

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11
Q

ECG - U wave

A

Papillary muscle repolarization

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12
Q

Hemodynamics - Poisulle’s Law - Flow is proportional to what?

A

Driving pressure

Radios of tube (to 4th power)

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13
Q

Hemodynamics - Poisulle’s Law - Flow is INVERSELY proportional to what?

A

tube length

viscosity

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14
Q

Flow = what?

A

Pressure/resistance

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15
Q

Effect of Vagal or ACh on heart?

A

Slows heart
Decreases contraction strength
Decreases velocity of conduction

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16
Q

Effect of Sympathetic or NE on heart?

A

Increases HR & force

Opens calcium channels

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17
Q

Hyperkalemia effect on heart?

A

Decreases HR

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18
Q

Hypokalemia effect on heart?

A 
Increases HR (initially)
Decreases HR (eventually)
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19
Q

Hyper/Hypokalemia is what?

A

Abnormally high or low potassium in blood

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20
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Right Atrium.

A

2 mm Hg

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21
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Right Ventricle.

A

25 mm Hg

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22
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Pulmonary Artery.

A

15 mm Hg

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23
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Pulmonary Veins.

A

5 mm Hg

24
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Left Atrium.

A

5 mm Hg

25
Q

Circulatory Pressure (mm Hg) in Left Ventricle.

A

120 mm Hg

26
Q

Lymphatic system pressure?

A

-6 to +5 mm Hg

27
Q

Lymphatic system flow per day?

A

4 L/day

28
Q

Right lymphatic drain to?

A

Right lymphatic duct

29
Q

Left lymphatic drain to?

A

Thoracic duct

30
Q

Lymphatic drainage is located at the junction or what two veins?

A

Subclavian and internal jugular veins

31
Q

Organ circulation flow in kidneys?

A

1 L/min (20% of CO)

32
Q

Organ circulation flow in splanchnic?

A

1.5L L/min

33
Q

Organ circulation flow in skeletal muscle?

A

1.5 L/min

34
Q

Organ circulation flow in lung tissue?

A

1%

35
Q

Carbon dioxide transport: % dissolved CO2

A

7%

36
Q

Carbon dioxide transport: % combined with hemoglobin?

A

23%

37
Q

Carbon dioxide transport: % bicarbonate?

A

70%

38
Q

Chloride shift: Bicarbonate ions diffuse ____ of RBC.

A

out

39
Q

Chloride shift: Chloride ions diffuse ____ the RBC

A

into

40
Q

When bicarbonate ions diffuse out of the RBC where do they go?

A

Into the plasma.

41
Q

What blood type is the universal donor?

A

O

42
Q

What blood type is the universal recipient?

A

AB

43
Q

Blood type ____ has NO agglutinogens?

A

O

44
Q

Blood type ____ has type A agglutinogens?

A

A

45
Q

Blood type ____ has type B agglutinogens?

A

B

46
Q

Blood type ____ has type A & B agglutinogens?

A

AB

47
Q

Blood type O has what type of agglutinins?

A

Anti-A and Anti-B

48
Q

Blood type A has what type of agglutinins?

A

Anti-B

49
Q

Blood type B has what type of agglutinins?

A

Anti-A

50
Q

Blood type AB has what type of agglutinins?

A

NONE

51
Q

What is the frequency of blood type O?

A

47%

52
Q

What is the frequency of blood type A?

A

41%

53
Q

What is the frequency of blood type B?

A

9%

54
Q

What is the frequency of blood type AB?

A

3%

55
Q

What is blood clotting activator for extrinsic pathway?

A

Tissue thromboblastin

56
Q

What is the blood clotting activator for intrinsic pathways?

A

Collagen, glass

My NBCE Part 1 - Cardiovascular Physiology (5 decks)

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