cardiovascular pathology Flashcards
1
Q
Aneurysms
A
- abnormal dilations of arteries from a weakened vessel wall
- it damages the blood vessel endothelium - making it rough and increasing risks of clots
2
Q
causes of an aneurysm
A
weakening due to:
- atherosclerosis
- trauma
- congenital
- hypertension
- infection
3
Q
commo sites for anuerysms
A
- circle of willis
- thoracic aorta
- abdominal aorta
4
Q
classification of aneurysms
A
saccular
fusiform
dissecting
5
Q
saccular aneurysm
A
- localised bulge on one side of the artery - usually in cerebral arteries
6
Q
fusiform aneurysms
A
bulge includes the entire circumference of the vessel wall- usually distal abdominal aorta
7
Q
dissecting aneurysms
A
occurs when there is a tear in the intima and blood flows within the vessel wall
8
Q
brain aneurysm patient presentation
A
- severe headache
- nausea and vomiting
- stiff neck/pain
- blurred/double vision
- dilated pupils
9
Q
Thoracic aneurysm patient presentation
A
- chest pain
- dyspnoea - difficulty breathing
- hypotension
10
Q
abdominal aorta patient presentation
A
- patient may notice a pulsatile mass in abdomen (Abdominal aortic aneurysm
11
Q
CT Angiogram - patient considerations
A
- claustrophobic/ photophobic
- unconscious
- pale/sweaty
- difficulty breathing
- pain/ severe pain
12
Q
patient preparation for CT Angiogram
A
- patient ID
- informed consent
- cannula and fasting
- blood results
- dress into gown
- LMP
- use appropriate PPE
- allergy status
13
Q
CT Angiogram room prep
A
- crash trolley
- warmed contrast
- cannulation equipment
- pat slide
- immobilisation aids
14
Q
treatment for AAA
A
- endovascular aortic repair
- surgery
15
Q
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
A
- occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins e.g. in the legs.
