Cardiovascular Medicine Flashcards
Diagnose a Papillary Fibroelastoma
Average size of Papillary fibroelastomas?
Most PFEs are small (averaging 12 mm × 9 mm)
Papillary fibroelastomas are more commonly associated with which valve?
left-sided valves than right-sided valves or other endocardial surfaces.
Patients with Papillary fibroelastomas may present with?
symptoms of embolism (including stroke or transient ischemic attack), angina, myocardial infarction, and peripheral embolization.
When is surgery indicated for management of patients with Papillary fibroelastomas?
symptomatic patients with PFE with acceptable operative risk.
When would Bacterial Endocarditis be a concern?
constitutional symptoms, evidence of systemic inflammation, a predisposing valvular lesion, and risk factors for bacteremia (such as dental cleaning or injectable drug use).
Left atrial myxomas may cause?
cerebral embolic phenomena and are associated with obstructive symptoms
Which is larger between myxomas and fibroelastomas?
most myxomas are substantially larger than fibroelastomas
What can be auscultated in 10% to 15% of patients with Left atrial myxomas?
an auscultatory “tumor plop.”
What percentage of cases do myxomas arise within the left atrium attached to the fossa ovalis, not valvular surfaces?
75%
Constitutional symptoms related to tumor interleukin production with atrial myxomas?
fever, anorexia, and weight loss,
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), also known as?
verrucous, marantic, or Libman-Sacks endocarditis
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is likely caused by?
endothelial injury in the presence of a hypercoagulable state.
NBTE occurs where?
On the atrial surface of the mitral valve, the ventricular side of the aortic valve, or both locations.
Characteristics of Vegetations of NBTE?
typically small (<1 cm), broad based, and irregularly shaped (wart-like)?
Vegetations of NBTE are most commonly associated with?
advanced malignancy or connective tissue disorders.
