Cardiovascular II

Question 1

Where is your blood?

Answer 1

• 64% blood in systemic veins / venules.
• 13% in systemic arteries / arterioles.
• 9% in pulmonary vessels.
• 7% in capillaries.
• 7% in heart.

Question 2

What is hepatic first pass?

Answer 2

Venous blood passes from the digestive tract, spleen and pancreas directly to the liver through portal vein.
• This system of blood flow is known as the hepatic first pass.

Question 3

Where is heart located?

Answer 3

It rests on the diaphragm, in the thoracic near the midline pointing left.

Question 4

Name 3 heart layers and its functions

Answer 4

Endocardium:Innermost layer.

• Thin layer of endothelium
overlying a thin layer of connective tissue

• Provides a smooth lining for the heart chambers (also covers heart valves).|

Myocardium: Middle layer.

• Consists of cardiac muscle and makes up
95% of heart.

• Functions to pump blood out of the heart.

Pericardium: Outer layer of the heart.

• Thin double-layered membrane: Contains a fibrous pericardium that attaches to the diaphragm and an inner serous pericardium.

Functions to keep the heart in position within the thorax and allow free movement during contractions.

Question 5

What delivers oxygenated blood to the myocardium?

Answer 5

Coronary arteries

Question 6

What is the normal blood pressure range?according to nhs

Answer 6

90/60- 140/90

Question 8

The thickness of the blood vessel?

Answer 8

Arteries and arterioles have thicker tunica media and is muscular. while veins and venules have thin walls. thicker tunica external.
Capillaries have only single endothelium as it needs to carry oxygen and substances to cells

Question 9

What blood vessels maintains blood pressure?

Answer 9

Arterioles