Cardiovascular/Heart Anatomy

Question 1

Fossa ovalis

Answer 1

Depression in right atrium of heart, remnant of thin fibrous sheet that covered foramen oval during fetal development

Question 2

Functions: Chordae tendinae/papillary muscles

Answer 2

Connect papillary muscles to tricuspid/mitral valve

Question 3

Left vs. right ventricular wall thickness

Answer 3

Left thicker because must pump blood to most of body while right only pumps to lungs

Question 4

Perfused

Answer 4

Supply organ/tissue with blood

Question 5

Ischemia

Answer 5

Restriction in blood supply, shortage of oxygen/glucose

Question 6

Hypertrophy

Answer 6

Increase in volume of an organ (enlargement of component cells)

Question 7

Hyperplasia

Answer 7

Increase in number of cells/proliferation of cells

Question 8

P/D: Anterior interventricular branch

Answer 8

Ventricles

Question 9

P/D: Circumflex branch

Answer 9

Left ventricle/left atrium

Question 10

P/D: Right coronary artery

Answer 10

Right atrium

Question 11

P/D: Posterior interventricular branch

Answer 11

Ventricles

Question 12

P/D: Marginal branch

Answer 12

Myocardium of right ventricle

Question 13

P/D: Great cardiac vein

Answer 13

Left/right ventricles

Question 14

P/D: Middle cardiac vein

Answer 14

Left/right ventricles, left atrium

Question 15

P/D: Small cardiac vein

Answer 15

Right atrium/ventricle

Question 16

P/D: Coronary sinus

Answer 16

Right atrium

Question 17

Function: Coronary circulation

Answer 17

Circulation of blood vessels of heart muscle

Question 18

Heart attack

Answer 18

Myocardial infarction, blood stops flowing properly to part of heart; heart muscle injured/dies due to lack of oxygen

Question 19

P/D: Ascending aorta

Answer 19

Arch of aorta, descending aorta, right/left coronary arteries

Question 20

P/D: Descending aorta

Answer 20

Thoracic/abdominal aorta

Question 21

P/D: Arch of aorta

Answer 21

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian

Question 22

P/D: Pulmonary arteries

Answer 22

Pulmonary capillaries

Question 23

P/D: Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 23

Right common carotid/right subclavian artery

Question 24

P/D: Pulmonary veins

Answer 24

Left atrium

Question 25

P/D: Pulmonary trunk

Answer 25

Pulmonary arteries

Question 26

P/D: Superior vena cava

Answer 26

Right atrium

Question 27

P/D: Inferior vena cava

Answer 27

Right atrium

Question 28

Example of nonlinear artery in arm

Answer 28

Brachial

Question 29

Common clinical use of medium cubital vein

Answer 29

Drawing blood

Question 30

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 30

Blood pressure meter/cuff, applied to upper arm

Question 31

Vasculature 'portal system' examples

Answer 31

Hepatic portal system, renal portal system

Question 32

Common medical use for great saphenous vein

Answer 32

Bypass surgery

Question 33

Function: capsule trabeculae

Answer 33

Provides gland/lymphoid tissue, connective tissue, plain muscle fibres

Question 34

Lymphatic trunks/areas drained

Answer 34

Jugular: Broncho-mediastinal: Intestinal: Subclavian: Lumbar:

Question 35

Regions drained: right lymphatic duct/thoracic duct

Answer 35

Right lymphatic duct: Broncho-mediastinal trunk Thoracic duct: Broncho-mediastinal trunk

Question 36

Anatomy differences between lymphatic and circulatory system

Answer 36

Lymphatic system: lacks blood, veins, arteries, only flows through lymphatic vessels

Question 37

Size of spleen

Answer 37

11cm, 150g

Question 38

Lymphedema

Answer 38

Localized fluid retention/tissue swelling caused by compromised lymphatic system

Question 39

Lymphoma

Answer 39

Blood cancer when B/T lymphocytes divide faster than normal cells, live longer than supposed to

Question 40

Famous hockey player w/ Hodgkin's lymphoma

Answer 40

Mario Lemieux

Question 41

System circulation of heart

Answer 41

Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary trunk → pulmonary arteries → pulmonary circulation → lungs

Question 42

Pulmonary circulation of heart

Answer 42

Pulmonary veins → left auricle/atrium → bicuspid valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → arch of aorta → systemic circulation

Question 43

P/D: Right coronary artery

Answer 43

Posterior inter ventricular branch, marginal branch

Question 44

P/D: Left coronary artery

Answer 44

Anterior inter ventricular branch, circumflex branch