Cardiovascular Examination - Face

Question 1

Malar flush

Answer 1

A reddish discoloration over the cheeks, often associated with mitral stenosis due to vasodilation caused by increased carbon dioxide levels

Question 2

Angular Stomatitis

Answer 2

Inflammation or cracking at the corners of the mouth, commonly due to vitamin B or iron deficiency, or fungal infections

Question 3

Xanthelasma

Answer 3

Yellowish plaques on the eyelids, often associated with hyperlipidemia or cholesterol metabolism disorders.

Question 4

Pulsatile Carotid Artery

Answer 4

A visible or palpable pulsation in the neck, often a normal finding but can be exaggerated in conditions like aortic regurgitation or hyperdynamic circulation

Question 5

Pallor

Answer 5

Paleness of the skin or mucous membranes, typically due to anemia or poor circulation.

Question 6

Blueness of the Tongue or Lips (Cyanosis)

Answer 6

A bluish discoloration caused by low oxygen levels in the blood, often indicating hypoxia or respiratory or cardiovascular issues

Question 7

Redness of the Lips

Answer 7

May indicate hyperemia or inflammation, sometimes associated with conditions like polycythemia or infection.

Question 8

Corneal Arcus

Answer 8

A gray or white ring around the corneal margin, associated with aging (arcus senilis) or hyperlipidemia in younger patients.