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Drug Categories > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are thiazide diuretics and what are they for?

A

“Water pills”, for high blood pressure

Generic-brand
- Chlorthalidane -hygroton, Thalitone
- hydrochlorthiazide (HTCZ)-Microzide
- hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene-Macrozide, Dyazide

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2
Q

ACE Inhibitors (Angiotensin. Converting Enzyme Blocker)

A

High Blood Pressure & Heart Failure
(-pril)
Benzapril - Lotensin.
Ramipril - Altace
Enalapril - Vasotec
Lisinopril- Prinivil, Zestril
Lisinopril/HCTZ - Prinizide, Zestoretic

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3
Q

ARB ( Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)

A

High Blood pressure and heart failure
(-sartan)
Losartan - Cozaar
Valsartan - Diovan
Losartan/HCTZ - Hyzaar
Valsartan/ HCTZ - Diovan HCT
Irbesartan - Avapro

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4
Q

Beta Blockers

A

High blood pressure and irregular heartbeat
(-olol)
Propronal - Inderal
Metoprolol - Lopressor, Toprol XL.
Carvedilol - Coreg
Atenolol - Tenormin
Nebivolol - Bystoic

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5
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers
(Dihydoridine Type)

A

High blood pressure
(-ipine)
NIfedinpine - Procardia, Adalat CC
Amlodipine - Norvasc
Amlodipine/ Benzapril - Lotrel

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6
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker
(Nondihydropyridine Type)

A

High blood Pressure
Rapid heart rate/ Abnormal Heart Rhythms
Diltrazem - Cardizem
Verapamil- Calan, Verelan

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7
Q

Alpha Blockers

A

High blood pressure
Enlarged prostate symptoms (BPH)
(-osin)
Doxazosin- Cardura
Terazosin - Hytrin
*Tamsulosin - Flomax
*urinary tract (UT) = less effective on blood pressure

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8
Q

Alpha -2 Agonists

A

High blood pressure
ADHD
Clonidine - Catapres
Guanfacine - Tenex, Intuniv.

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9
Q

Vasodilators

A

High blood pressure and heart failure
Chest pain (nitrate vasodilators)
Hydralazine Apresoline
Nitroglycerin - Nitrostat
Isosorbide Monoitrate - Imdur

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10
Q

Other Diuretics “water pills”

A

Loop diuretics - swelling from various diseases
Furosemide - Lasix

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11
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics

A

High blood pressure and heart failure
Spironolcatone - Aldactone

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12
Q

Other cardiovascular drugs

A

Antiarrhymics - irregular heart beat
AmiodarONE - PacerONE, CardarONE

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13
Q

Cardiac Glycoside

A

Heart failure and irregular heart Beat
DigoXIN- LanoXIN

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14
Q

What are Blood thinners ?

A

Anticoagulant
Treatment for blood clots and/or prevention of new clot formation
Interruption body natural clotting process to prevent heart attack and stroke.

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15
Q

How is vitamin K antagonist a mechanism for prevention of blood clots?

A

Blocks vitamin K, Involved in clotting process
Inconsistent vitamin K intake will interfere with effectiveness
INR blood test required.

Ex: Warfrain- Coumadin

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16
Q

How is Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC’S) a mechanism for prevention of clotting?

A

Direct factor Xa Inhibitor
Not affected by diet
No INR blood test required
-aban

ApixABAN- Eliquis
RivaroxABAN - Xarelto

17
Q

How are antiplatelets a mechanism for prevention of heart attack and stroke ?

A

(Platelet aggregation inhibitors)
Not technically anticoagulant; don’t effect the clotting process.
Prevent platelets from sticking together

Aspirin - Ecotrin
Clopidogrel -Plavix

18
Q

What do HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors do ?

A

Reduce the production of cholesterol made by the liver.
“Statins”
AtrovaSTATIN - Lipitor
SimvaSTATIN - Zocor
RosuvaSTATIN - Crestor
PravaSTATIN - Pravachol
LosuvaSTATIN - Mevacor, Altroprev.

19
Q

What medications reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels ?.

A

Fenofibrate - Tricor
Omega-3-acid Ethyl Esters -Lovasa

20
Q

What does Getimibe (Zetia) do?

A

Inhibits intestinal absorption of dietary cholesterol.

21
Q

What are sulfonylureas ?

A

Oral med
Increase insulin release from beta cells of the pancreas

Glipizide - Glucotrol
Glimepiride - Amaryl

22
Q

What are Biguanides ?

A

Oral med.
reduce sugar produced by the liver
Reduce sugar absorbed in the intestines
Increases insulin sensitivity

Metformin- Glucophage

23
Q

What re DPP-4 Inhibitors?

A

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitor
Oral med
Slow inactivation/ degradation of GLP-1.
-glipitin

LinaGLIPITIN - Trajenta
SitaGLIPITIN -Januvra
Metfomin/SitaGLIPITIN - Janumet

24
Q

What are thiazolidinediones (TZD)

A

Oral med
Aka glitazones
Increase sensitivity of cells to insulin (decrease insulin resistance)

PioGLITAZONE - Actos

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