CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS Flashcards
The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body. This system helps tissues get enough oxygen and nutrients, and it helps them get rid of waste products.
Circulatory System
WHAT IS THE TWO PRIMARY FUNCTION OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
- delivery of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and other essentials to cells and
- removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from cells. In addition, the system helps fight infection.
it is a defined as a persistent systolic pressure of greater than 140mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure of greater than 90mmHg and major risk factor for CAD, CVD and death
HYPERTENSION
Determined by the product of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
Blood Pressure
Amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle and measured in Lpm
CARDIAC OUTPUT
Resistance to blood flow that is determined by the diameter of the blood vessels and vascular musculature
SYSTEMATIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE
Drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation that results to the removal of sodium and water from the body
Diuretics
Acts on the brain by decreasing NE production
Central Acting
At the heart and blood vessels
Peripheral Acting
It is a Intense but subsides within 15 mins of rest or medication and caused mainly by atherosclerosis and can be triggered by exertion or stress (cold, emotions) and exacerbated by smoking, alcohol, coffee and some drugs.
Chronic Stable Angina
It is a early stage of progressive artery disease characterized by pain increasing in severity and frequency and may even occur at rest
Unstable Angina
From spasms of the smooth muscle that surrounds the coronary arteries and occurs at rest without any triggers but usually occurring at the same time of day
Vasospastic Angina
Any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heart
DYSRHYTHMIAS
Used as a topic anesthetic is with added epinephrine to control bleeding in the area. Never used intravenously
LIDOCAINE
It is to prevent formation of a clot by inhibiting certain clotting factors and No direct effect on a blood clot that has already formed
ANTI-COAGULANTS
Works to prevent platelet adhesion at the site of blood vessel injury, occurs before the clotting cascade
Antiplatelets
It is Inhibits cyclooxygenase in the platelet to prevent formation of TXA2 (thromboxane is an enzyme that causes vessels to constrict and platelets to aggregate)
ASPRIN
Inhibits ADP to prevent signal to aggregate and form a clot
CLOPIDOGREL
WHAT IS ACEI ?
Potent vasoconstrictor and can prevent Na and water resorption causing diuresis
WHAT IS ARB ?
Potent vasodilator and decreases systemic vascular resistance
