Cardiovascular Drugs

Question 1

It is a resistance to blood flow that is determined by the blood vessels and vascular musculature.

Answer 1

SVR

Question 2

What are the goals of Antihypertensive therapy?

Answer 2

Reduction of cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality
JNC 7 – achieve a blood pressure of less than 140/90mmHg and for patients with hypertension and diabetes, less than 130/90mmHg
Individualized considering co-morbidities and impact of patient’s quality of life

Question 3

What drug has a MOA of a non-absorbable solute that works on the entire nephron esp. LoH and PCT. Increases osmotic pull in the filtrate which produces a rapid diuresis?

Answer 3

Mannitol

Question 4

It is a drug that work on the collecting ducts and DCT by blocking the aldosterone receptor.

Answer 4

Spironolactone

Question 5

A drug used for preventing of migraine headaches and severe dysmenorrhea, mgt of opioid, nicotine, and alcohol withdrawal.

Answer 5

Clonidine

Question 6

Give the 4 drugs for Vasodilators.

Answer 6

Minoxidil, Hydralazine, Diazoxide, and Nitroprusside

Question 7

What are the 3 types of Angina’s.

Answer 7

1. Chronic Stable Angina
2. Unstable Angina
3. Vasospastic Agina

Question 8

A Pathologic state in which the heart is unable to pump in sufficient amounts from the ventricles to meet metabolic needs.

Answer 8

Heart failure

Question 9

Give the 3 HF drugs and its goal.

Answer 9

POSITIVE INOTROPIC drugs –increase the force of myocardial contraction
POSITIVE CHRONOTROPIC drugs –increase the rate in which the heart beats
POSITIVE DROMOTROPIC drugs –accelerate conduction
The Goal is to reduce the effects of RAAS and SNS

Question 10

What ARB do?

Answer 10

It is a potent vasodilator and decreases systemic vascular resistance

Question 11

What Lidocaine do?

Answer 11

Plain lidocaine solution is used to treat cardiac conditions and Lidocaine also used as a topic anesthetic is with added epinephrine to control bleeding in the area. It also never to be used intravenouslt.

Question 12

What Lidocaine do?

Answer 12

Plain lidocaine solution is used to treat cardiac conditions and Lidocaine also used as a topic anesthetic is with added epinephrine to control bleeding in the area. It also never to be used intravenously.

Question 12

What Lidocaine do?

Answer 12

Plain lidocaine solution is used to treat cardiac conditions and Lidocaine also used as a topic anesthetic is with added epinephrine to control bleeding in the area. It also never to be used intravenously.

Question 13

A drug that reduces the risk of Thrombotic Stroke and post-MI prevention of thrombosis.

Answer 13

Clopidogrel

Question 14

It is a precursor lesion of atherosclerosis from foam cells.

Answer 14

Fatty Streak

Question 15

What are the 2 primary form of lipids in the blood?

Answer 15

Triglycerides and cholesterol

Question 16

It is a combination of Th and Chol which transport lipids via the blood.

Answer 16

Lipoprotein

Question 17

Give the Anti-fibrinolytic topical drugs.

Answer 17

Thrombin, microfibrillar collagen, absorbable gelatin, and oxidized cellulose

Question 18

What are the indications and contraindication of Anticoagulants?

Answer 18

Indications: It prevent clot in patients with MI, unstable angina, atrial fibrillation, heart valves, orthopedic surgery, prolonged immobilization and DVT prophylaxis
Drug allergy, thrombocytopenia, pregnancy, indwelling epidural catheters

Question 19

It prevents platelet plugs from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation

Answer 19

Antiplatelet