Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
What is aortic distension?
Where the inner layer of the aorta tears causing the inner and middle layers to separate
What is pulmonary embolism?
Sudden blockage of a major blood vessel in the lung due to a blood clot
What is pericarditis?
Inflammation of the lining of the heart
What is myocarditis?
Inflammation of the myocardium
What is takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Acute strss non ischaemic cardiomyopathy
What are some of the non cardiac causes of chest pain?
Pneumonia Pneumothorax Cancer Musculoskeletal Oesophagitis Oesophageal rupture Pancreatitis Gallstones Neuralgia Psychogenic
Increased troponin can indicate….?
Cardiovascular event - MI
What are the possible complications of an acute MI?
Ischaemia Aneurysm Mechanical problems Arrythmias Heart failure Pericarditis RV infarc Mural thrombus
What is the advantage of a drug-eluting stent over a bare mental stent?
The drug eluting stent prevents the proliferation of the epithelium around and through the stent
Which vessels are commonly used in a coronary artery bypass graft?
Left internal thoracic artery and leg veins
What can dyspnoea be caused by?
Cardiac problems
Respiratory problems
Anaemia
Deconditioning
What can palpitations be due to?
Normal sinus rhythms where there is inappropriate sinus tachycardia or postural orthostatic tachycardia
Ectopics
True arrhythmias
Ventricular tachycardia
What is syncope?
The loss of consciousness
What are the symptoms of a pulmonary embolism.?
Pleuritic chest pain Dyspnoea Tachycardia Hypotensive Hypoxic Haemoptysis
How can pulmonary embolism be treated in the short term?
Low molecular weight heparin and anticoagulants
