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asforp saq > Cardiovascular conditions > Flashcards

Cardiovascular conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 types of angina

A
  1. stable angina
  2. unstable angina
  3. prizmental
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2
Q

what is unstable angina part of

A

the ACS umbrella

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

what is angina?

A

when the demand of the heart is too much for the supply of oxygenated blood it is receiving

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5
Q

what is stable angina?

A

a mismatch of supply vs demand resulting in pain

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6
Q

what does stable angina typically occur due to?

A

atherosclerosis

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7
Q

what is atherosclerosis

A

narrowing of the coronary artery

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8
Q

when does stable angina occur?

A

during exertion

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9
Q

which type of angina occurs on exertion?

A

stable angina

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10
Q

what is stable angina relived by?

A

resting
GTN

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11
Q

what diseaseas are the first signs of stable angina?

A

ischemic heart disease
coronary artery disease

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12
Q

what can unstable angina be a warning sign of?

A

an MI

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13
Q

what is the main difference between stable and unstable angina?

A

stable comes on with exertion
unstable comes on at rest

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14
Q

which type of angina can indicate an MI

A

unstable angina

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15
Q

when does unstable angina occur

A

at rest

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16
Q

what is the treatment for unstable angina

A

pain relief
GTN
aspirin if being treated as ACS

17
Q

what is prizmental angina often associated with?

A

stenosis from a vasoconstrictive stimuli

18
Q

what can prizmental angina be caused by?

A

recreational drugs
amphetamine
cocaine
cannabis

19
Q

what are the symptoms of prizmental angina?

A

same as stable/unstable
ischemic

20
Q

what is atherosclerosis in more detail

A

a process of lipid accumulation- plaque formation, scarring and inflammation of the vascular wall

21
Q

what is the result of atherosclerosis on the vasculature?

A

the vascular wall has a big fatty streak running through the middle of it which narrows the lumen and increases the thickness of the vessel wall which reduces elasticity

22
Q

what are 3 calcium channel blockers

A

amlodipine
felodipine
nifedipine

23
Q

how do you calculate CO

A

CO= SVxHR

24
Q

what is an aneurism

A

localised dilation and weakening of an arterial wall

25
Q

what is the difference between a myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia

A

Ischemia is reversible whereas infarction is not

26
Q

what type of condition is atherosclerosis

A

a chronic condition

27
Q
A

asforp saq (3 decks)

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