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Clinical Practical Assessment > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

identify structures on a typical vertebra

A 
spinous process
transverse process
lamina
pedicle
body
inferior articular process
superior articular facet
transverse foramen
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2
Q

what bones make up the sternum?

A

manubrium
sternum
xiphysternal joint

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3
Q

between manubrium and sternum?

A

sternal angle

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4
Q

what rib comes off the sternal angle?

A

2

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5
Q

1st palpatable spinous process

A

C7

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6
Q

which vertebral level is the superior angle of the scapula at?

A

T2

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7
Q

which vertebral level is the middle end of the scapula at?

A

T3

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8
Q

which vertebral level is the inferior angle of the scapula at?

A

T7

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9
Q

which vertebral level is the manubrium at?

A

T2/3-T4/5

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10
Q

which vertebral level is the jugular notch at?

A

T2/3`

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11
Q

which vertebral level is the sternal angle?

A

T4

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12
Q

which vertebral level is the body of the xiphysternum?

A

T8/T9

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13
Q

which vertebral level is halfway between the inferior angle of the scapula and the iliac crest?

A

T12

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14
Q

which vertebral level is the transpyloric plane?

A

L1

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15
Q

which vertebral level is the subcostal plane?

A

L2

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16
Q

surface marking for borders of the heart?

A

3rd CC sternal border on the right
6th CC sternal border on the right
2nd ICS/CC 2.5cm from sternal border on the left
5th ICS at midclavicular line

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17
Q

where to auscultate aortic valve?

A

right sternal border 2nd ICS

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18
Q

where to auscultate pulmonary valve?

A

left sternal border 2nd ICS

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19
Q

where to auscultate tricuspid valve?

A

left sternal border 5th ICS

20
Q

where to auscultate mitral valve?

A

left 5th ICS at apex beat (midclavicular line)

21
Q

palpation of the apex beat in adults

A

left 5th ICS at midclavicular line

22
Q

what can you ask the patient to do to make the palpation of the apex beat easier?

A

jogging on the spot

23
Q

is radial pulse found medially or laterally?

A

laterally, under the thumb

24
Q

is the ulnar pulse found medially or laterally?

A

medially

25
Q

where can you palpate the brachial artery?

A

medial to the biceps tendon
ALSO
in the middle third of the humerus in the medial biciptal groove

26
Q

where can you palpate the carotid pulse?

A

between the lateral border of the thyroid cartilage and the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

27
Q

how would you describe the pulse?

A

in terms of rate and rhythm

28
Q

normal pulse falls into?

A

65-85bpm

29
Q

tachycardia is?

A

> 100bpm

30
Q

bradycardia is?

A

<50bpm

31
Q

can rate and rhythm be detected in both central and peripheral arteries?

A

yes

32
Q

can character and volume be detected in both central and peripheral arteries?

A

no only in central arteries like carotid artery

33
Q

which three veins can venepuncture be performed on?

A

medial cubital vein
basilic vein
cephalic vein

34
Q

where is medial cubital vein accessed for venepuncture?

A

antecubital fossa

35
Q

does the cephalic vein run medially or laterally?

A

laterally

36
Q

does the basilic vein run medially or laterally?

A

medially

37
Q

cephalic vein eventually joins the?

A

axillary vein

38
Q

surface marking for the beginning of the aortic arch

A

the right 2nd CC

39
Q

surface marking for the top of the aortic arch

A

between the sternal angle and jugular notch

40
Q

surface marking for the end of the aortic arch

A

the left 2nd CC

41
Q

surface marking for the left/right common carotid artery

A

subject turns their head
line from the sternoclavicular joint
follow the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
line continues all the way up to the ear lobe

42
Q

surface marking for the internal jugular vein

A

just lateral to the common carotid artery

goes in direction to the posterior part of the ear lobe

43
Q

for the cardiovascular examination, what is the positioning of the patient?

A

45 degrees

44
Q

describe the exposure of the patient in a cardiovascular exam

A

shirt is removed

undergarments like a bra remains on

45
Q

how to explain CVS exam to a patient

A

just going to have a look, listen and feel of the chest > heart exam

Clinical Practical Assessment (7 decks)

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