Cardiovascular Flashcards
Divisions of the mediastinum
Superior
Middle
Posterior
Anterior
Structure found in the anterior mediastinum?
Remnants of the thyroid gland
Structure found in the middle mediastinum?
Pericardium
Heart
Great vessels
Level of the border between superior and inferior?
-T4
Transverse thoracic plane
What level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?
L4
When do the common iliac arteries biforcate?
L5
What vessels supply the body wall and where do they originate from?
Posterior Intercostal Arteries
Aorta
What are the tributaries of the SVC?
- Left and right brachiocephalic- internal jugular and subclavians
- Azygous vein
Where is the azygous vein found and what drains into it?
Hemiazygous drains at T8/T9
-Azygous = right hand side
At what landmark do the radial and ulnar split?
Cubital fossa
originate from the brachial
Where would you insert a drip?
Median cubital vein
Which is thicker, radial or ulnar?
Radial
is also more superficial
Name the two superficial veins of the leg
- Great saphenous
- Short saphenous
Where do they drain into?
Deep leg veins
- Great = femoral
- Short = popliteal
Where does the posterior tibial artery come from?
- External iliac
- Superficial femoral
- Popliteal
- Anterior Tibial
- Posterior tibial
Name the layers of the pericardium from the outside
Fibrous pericardium
- serous parietal
- pericardial cavity
- serous visceral
- one with the epicardium
Function of the pericardium?
Stops overfilling
Prevents infection
What cells make up the endocardium?
Squamous epithelium
Cells of the epicardium?
Squamous epithelium
Which layers can feel pain and why?
Parietal and fibrous
-phrenic nerve
What innervates the visceral?
Vagus nerve and T1-T4
What forms the rough inner surface of the atria?
The pectinate muscles
What forms the rough inner surface of the ventricles?
The trabeculae carnae
What two other structures are found in the right atrium?
- Fossa ovalis
- Coronary sinus
