Cardiovascular

Question 1

Divisions of the mediastinum

Answer 1

Superior
Middle
Posterior
Anterior

Question 2

Structure found in the anterior mediastinum?

Answer 2

Remnants of the thyroid gland

Question 3

Structure found in the middle mediastinum?

Answer 3

Pericardium
Heart
Great vessels

Question 4

Level of the border between superior and inferior?

Answer 4

-T4

Transverse thoracic plane

Question 5

What level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

Answer 5

L4

Question 6

When do the common iliac arteries biforcate?

Answer 6

L5

Question 7

What vessels supply the body wall and where do they originate from?

Answer 7

Posterior Intercostal Arteries

Aorta

Question 8

What are the tributaries of the SVC?

Answer 8

• Left and right brachiocephalic- internal jugular and subclavians
• Azygous vein

Question 9

Where is the azygous vein found and what drains into it?

Answer 9

Hemiazygous drains at T8/T9

-Azygous = right hand side

Question 10

At what landmark do the radial and ulnar split?

Answer 10

Cubital fossa

originate from the brachial

Question 11

Where would you insert a drip?

Answer 11

Median cubital vein

Question 12

Which is thicker, radial or ulnar?

Answer 12

Radial

is also more superficial

Question 13

Name the two superficial veins of the leg

Answer 13

• Great saphenous

- Short saphenous

Question 14

Where do they drain into?

Answer 14

Deep leg veins

• Great = femoral
• Short = popliteal

Question 15

Where does the posterior tibial artery come from?

Answer 15

• External iliac
• Superficial femoral
• Popliteal
• Anterior Tibial
• Posterior tibial

Question 16

Name the layers of the pericardium from the outside

Answer 16

Fibrous pericardium

• serous parietal
• pericardial cavity
• serous visceral
• one with the epicardium

Question 17

Function of the pericardium?

Answer 17

Stops overfilling

Prevents infection

Question 18

What cells make up the endocardium?

Answer 18

Squamous epithelium

Question 19

Cells of the epicardium?

Answer 19

Squamous epithelium

Question 20

Which layers can feel pain and why?

Answer 20

Parietal and fibrous

-phrenic nerve

Question 21

What innervates the visceral?

Answer 21

Vagus nerve and T1-T4

Question 22

What forms the rough inner surface of the atria?

Answer 22

The pectinate muscles

Question 23

What forms the rough inner surface of the ventricles?

Answer 23

The trabeculae carnae

Question 24

What two other structures are found in the right atrium?

Answer 24

• Fossa ovalis

- Coronary sinus

Question 25

What structures anchor the AV valves?

Answer 25

Papillary Muscles

Chordae tendinae

Question 26

How many papillary muscles on the right?

Answer 26

-3 for each valve leaflet

Question 27

What else is found in the right ventricle?

Answer 27

-Septomarginal Trabeculae

moderator band

Question 28

Where do lymphatics from the heart drain to?

Answer 28

Tracheobronchial Lymph nodes and mediastinal lymph nodes

Question 29

Where do the coronary arteries arise from?

Answer 29

The left and right coronary sinus found at the aortic root

Question 30

What branches does the left give off?

Answer 30

The left main- anterior descending artery

Left circumflex artery

Question 31

What branches does the right CA give off?

Answer 31

• Right marginal branch

- Posterior descending

Question 32

What important structures does the Right CA supply?

Answer 32

AV node, SA node

Question 33

What layers make up the lining of blood vessels?

Answer 33

Tunica Intima
Tunica Media
Tunica Adventitia