Cardiovascular Flashcards
The five major components found in the vessels are
Ground substance, collagen, endothelial cells, elastin and smooth muscle
Arterial vessel tissues typically have
A higher amount of elastin than veins AND residual stresses
(T/F) Vessel walls are modeled using a linear elastic model
F - We model it as a pseudo-elastic material using a hyperelastic strain energy density function; they are also typically incompressible and sometimes modeled viscoelastically
(T/F) Blood vessel structure can change over time
T
(T/F) Vessels are highly isotropic
Blood vessels are “significantly anisotropic” and are typically stiffer in the circumferential direction than in the longitudinal direction
(T/F) Veins are typically smaller than arteries
F - Veins are typically larger and store most of the blood
What are the primary components that contribute to the material response to stress (represented in stress-strain curves)
Elastin and collagen
Which microstructure layer contains the tissues required for vaso-dilation or constriction AND what is the tissue
Media (smooth muscle cells)
The toe-region of the stress-strain curve is predominantly due to
The stretching of the elastin fibers
Which strain measurement is often used in cardiovascular mechanics research
The Green-Lagrange circumferential cyclic strain
Which cells tend to align in the direction of shear stress in the vascular system
Endothelial cells
How does blood pressure change from the arterial to the venous side
It decreases
As collagen fibers are recruited, the slope of the stress-strain curve typically
Increases
The order of blood flow goes
Aorta -> Artery -> Arteriole -> Capillary -> Venule -> Vein -> Vena Cava
