Cardiovascular

Question 1

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

Answer 1

Pericarditis

Question 2

Irregularly irregular pulse

Answer 2

atrial fibrillation

Question 3

Alveolar bat’s wings, Kerley B lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels pleural effusion

Answer 3

Pulmonary oedema

Question 4

ECG - saw tooth baseline + 150 bpm

Answer 4

atrial flutter

Question 5

Raised JVP/hepatojugular

Answer 5

right sided heart failure

Question 6

Sense of impending doom

Answer 6

MI

Question 7

Saddle shaped ST elevation

Answer 7

pericarditis

Question 8

Broad complex tachycardia

Answer 8

Ventricular problem

Question 9

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex

Answer 9

Mitral stenosis

Question 10

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave)

Answer 10

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Question 11

Tall, tented T waves

Answer 11

Hyperkalaemia (and wide QRS complexes)

Question 12

Patient gets pericarditis 4-6 weeks post MI

Answer 12

Dressler’s syndrome

Question 13

Blurred yellowing vision, headache

Answer 13

Digoxin Toxicity

Question 14

Janeway Lesions/Osler’s Nodes

Answer 14

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Question 15

Continuous Machine like Heart Murmur

Answer 15

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Question 16

Rib Notching on CXR

Answer 16

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 17

Crescendo decrescendo murmur

Answer 17

Aortic Stenosis

Question 18

Diminished absent lower limb pulses

Answer 18

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 19

side effect of ACEI

Answer 19

• dry cough
• renal dysfunction
• angioneurotic oedema

Question 20

radial- radial delay

Answer 20

aortic dissection(tear in wall of aorta)/coarctation of aorta

Question 21

collapsing pulse

Answer 21

aortic regurgitation

Question 22

machine like murmur

Answer 22

patent ductus arteriosis

Question 23

slow rising pulse

Answer 23

aortic stenosis

Question 24

splinter haemorrhages

Answer 24

infective endocarditis

Question 25

Atrial myxoma

Answer 25

a noncancerous tumour in the upper left or right side of the heart; most often grows on the wall that separates the two sides of the heart.

Question 26

Cardiac tamponade

Answer 26

collection of blood/fluid/pus/clots/gas around the heart/pericardial space that prevents contractions. Medical emergency.

Question 27

Treatment of pericarditis

Answer 27

pain relief; NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)