Cardiovascular

Question 1

What causes heart failure?

Answer 1

When a heart can’t pump at the necessary rate (lack of oxygen)

Question 2

What is DCM?

Answer 2

Dilated cardiomyopathy - dilation of the heart chambers

Question 3

What happens during DCM?

Answer 3

Damage weakens the heart muscle, weakness causes poor contractions, contractions decrease cardiac output, decreased out out causes enlarged chambers

Question 4

Clinical signs of DCM?

Answer 4

Death, lethargy, exercise intolerant, difficulty breathing, restless, weak

Question 5

What symptoms are seen in late DCM?

Answer 5

Murmurs, arrhythmias, tachycardia, syncope

Question 6

Symptoms of end stage DCM?

Answer 6

Fluids going out of the vessels (pulmonary edema, pleural fluid, ascites)

Question 7

How can we diagnose DCM?

Answer 7

Radiograph for heart enlargement, EKG for abnormal patterns, echocardiograph to evaluate function

Question 8

How can we treat DCM?

Answer 8

Use an increased cardiac output drug (Digoxin, pimobendin), use ACE inhibitor to open vessels and decrease water, nutritional support (taurine, carnitine)

Question 9

What is HCM?

Answer 9

Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 10

Symptoms of HCM?

Answer 10

Lethargy, weakness, syncope, dyspnea, sudden death, heart murmur

Question 11

How can we diagnose HCM?

Answer 11

Radiograph, EKG, echocardiograph

Question 12

What drugs are most commonly used for HCM?

Answer 12

Propranolol, diltiazem - slow down

Question 13

A common side effect for HCM?

Answer 13

Aortic thromboembolism

Question 14

What is an aortic thromboembolism?

Answer 14

Clot down by the aortic break causing hind leg paralysis

Question 15

How do you treat an aortic thromboembolism?

Answer 15

Promote circulation, pain medication, thrombolytic

Question 16

What is PDA?

Answer 16

Patent ductus arteriosus

Question 17

What is the job of the heart?

Answer 17

To transport nutrient to cells and remove waste from cells

Question 18

Most common congenital heart disease in dogs.

Answer 18

PDA

Question 19

Most common sound of a PDA?

Answer 19

Washing machine murmur

Question 20

How is a PDA treated?

Answer 20

Surgery

Question 21

Variation in normal heart rate or rhythm?

Answer 21

Arrhythmias

Question 22

Nor organized atrial contraction and decreased cardiac output arrhythmia?

Answer 22

Atrial fibrillation arrhythmia

Question 23

Hallmark sign of atrial fibrillation.

Answer 23

No P wave on QRS

Question 24

Arrhythmia without a QRS complex.

Answer 24

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 25

A life threatening arrhythmia that needs CPR or defibrillation or death will occur.

Answer 25

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 26

Arrhythmia causing a bizarre, wide complex.

Answer 26

Pre,a true ventricular contraction

Question 27

A murmur between he two beats.

Answer 27

Systolic

Question 28

Murmur happening during filling of the heart.

Answer 28

Diastolic