Cardiovascular

Question 1

Tachycardia reduces

Answer 1

Ventricular relaxation time which decreases the time for myocardial perfusion

Question 2

Preload, or cardiac filling (venous return) is dictated by?

Answer 2

1. Blood flow
2. Blood volume
3. Venous capicitance

Question 3

Cardiac Output is the product of what?

Answer 3

CO = Heart rate(HR) X stroke volume (SV)

Question 4

After load, or resistance to ejection of blood from the left ventricle is dictated by

Answer 4

Arterial tone

*excessive tone will increase amt of cardiac work needed to eject blood from the left ventricle decreasing CO

Question 5

Acepromazine causes vasodilation secondary to

Answer 5

Alpha adrenergic blockade

Question 6

Moderate to high doses of ace will cause what percentage decrease in SV, CO, and MAP?

Answer 6

20-25%

Question 7

Due to alpha1 blockade Acepromazine increases the dose of _______________ required to induce ventricular arrhythmias.

Answer 7

Epinephrine

Question 8

This induction agent can cause an increase in HR, after load, CO, and arterial blood pressure due to its direct stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

Ketamine

Question 9

This short lived induction agent causes dose-dependent myocardial depression and hypotension

Answer 9

Propofol

Question 10

What are the anesthetic goals for a patient with MVI?

Answer 10

1. Maintain adequate HR
2. Maintain myocardial contractile the
3. Minimize after load

Question 11

Due to decreased myocardial contractility in a patient with MVI, hypotension should be treated with?

Answer 11

Drugs that increase contractility without increasing SVR (dobutamine)

Question 12

This heart disease is characterized by cardiac enlargement and impaired systolic function of one or both ventricles (most commonly the left)

Answer 12

DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy)

Question 13

This heart disease is characterized by cardiac enlargement and impaired systolic function of one or both ventricles (most commonly the left)

Answer 13

DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy)

Question 14

When should CO2 granules be changed?

Answer 14

1. hard, brittle granules
2. a carbon dioxide level greater than 0 during peak inspiration as measured with a capnograph
3. after 6-8 hours of use

Question 15

The intrinsic ability of the heart to generate force

Answer 15

Cardiac contractility (inotropy)

Question 16

The intrinsic ability of the heart to generate force

Answer 16

Cardiac contractility (inotropy)