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Bio 202 > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

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1
Q

Left Atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from lungs thru pulmonary vein

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2
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Pumps oxygenated blood to body via aorta

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3
Q

Right Atrium

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from body thru vena cava

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4
Q

Right Ventricle

A

Sends blood to lungs thru pulmonary trunk

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5
Q

Aorta

A

Sends blood to the body

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6
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

Sends blood to the lungs

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7
Q

Left Pulmonary Artery

A

Branch of pulmonary trunk to left lung

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8
Q

Right Pulmonary Artery

A

Branch of pulmonary trunk to right lung

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9
Q

Left Pulmonary Vein

A

Comes from left lung

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10
Q

Right Pulmonary Vein

A

Comes from right lung

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11
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Brings blood from lower body

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12
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Brings blood from upper body

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13
Q

Mitral/Bicuspid Valve

A

Valve between left atrium and ventricle

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14
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Valve between right atrium and ventricle

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15
Q

Aortic Semilunar Valve

A

Valve between left ventricle and aorta

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16
Q

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

A

Valve between right venticle and pulmonary artery

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17
Q

Ischemia

A

low blood (oxygen) supply to the heart

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18
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

chest pain caused by ischemia

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19
Q

Myocardio Infarction

A

Complete obstruction of coronary artery

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20
Q

Myocardio Infarction symptoms

A
  • Pain or pressure in chest that can radiate down left arm
  • Shortness of breath
  • irregular heart rhythms
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21
Q

Pulmonary Circuit

A

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen into red blood cells

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22
Q

Systemic Circuit

A

Delivers oxygenated blood to the body’s cells and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

23
Q

Cardiac Output

A

Amount of blood pumped out from ventricle in one minute

24
Q

Average adult resting heart rate

A

72 beats/min

25
Q

Average adult resting stroke volume

A

70 ml/beat

26
Q

Stroke Volume

A

volume of blood ejected by the ventricle in a single beat or stroke

27
Q

Factors that cause cardiac output to increase

A

Increased exercise, increased stress, increased hyperthyroidism, medications

28
Q

Factors that cause cardiac output to decrease

A

Sleeping, Hypothyroidism, medications, diseases of the heart

29
Q

Pulse

A

Surge in pressure of the arteries

30
Q

Female average pulse

A

72-80 bpm

31
Q

Male average pulse

A

64-72 bpm

32
Q

Tachycardia

A

Resting adult HR above 100

33
Q

Bradycardia

A

Resting adult HR below 60

34
Q

If CO is low, How does the heart compensate to bring CO to normal?

A

It increases the heart rate

35
Q

Ventricles contract and blood is pushed up against semilunar valves forcing them to _____.

A

Open

36
Q

Ventricles relax and blood flows back from arteries, filling the cusps of semilunar valves and forcing them to __________.

A

Close

37
Q

Valvular Prolapse

A

Regurgitation from left ventricle to left atrium and lungs

38
Q

Valvular Stenosis

A

Valve doesn’t close properly. Back flow from blood vessel to ventricle. The narrow valve and back flow can cause the heart to overwork causing ventricular hypertrophy

39
Q

Valvular prolapse symptoms

A

Difficulty breathing. Fluid is going to lungs. Ischemia–Decreased CO
Causes: Myocardial infarction, congenital

40
Q

Valvular stenosis symptoms

A

Decreased CO. Ischemia

Causes: Congenital, infection, age

41
Q

Atrial Septal Defect

A

Incomplete looping of the heart tube during embryonic development. Blood. typically flows from LA to RA due to higher pressure in the LA

42
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect

A

Blood typically flows from LV to RV due to higher pressure in LV.

43
Q

S1

A

First sound- Lub- Occurs with closure of AV valves Bicuspid/tricuspid

44
Q

S2

A

Second sound- Dub- Occurs with closure of semilunar valves.

45
Q

Heart murmur

A

An extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat.

46
Q

LUB-LUB-DUB

A

Atrial asynchrony

47
Q

LUB-DUB-DUB

A

Ventricular asynchrony

48
Q

LUB-DUB with a SHSHSH

A

Valvular or septal heart defect

49
Q

Pacemaker resting potential

A

Na+ goes in and it become less negative

50
Q

Depolarization

A

Ca+ goes in

51
Q

Repolarization

A

K+ goes out

52
Q

Electrical Pacemaker area

A

controls the sequence of electrical excitation of heart tissue.

53
Q

SA node

A

initiates heartbeat and sets rate

54
Q

AV node

A

delays to allow ventricles to fill

Bio 202 (2 decks)

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