Cardiovascular

Question 1

Nurse Carl is assessing the patient who is diagnosed with primary essential hypertension The nurse ensures accurate blood pressure measurement if he avoids doing which of the following?

A. Measuring the blood pressure after the client has been seated quietly for 5 minutes.
B. Asking the client to rest his arm comtortably on a flat surtace at heart level.
C. Taking blood pressure within 15 minutes of nicotine or alcohol ingestion
D. Letting the clients have their legs uncrossed and feet flat on the floor.

Answer 1

C. Taking blood pressure within 15 minutes of nicotine or alcohol ingestion.

Question 2

Nurse Carl is tasked to care for a patient with hypertension in the ward of CBRC Hospital. Nurse Carl took the client’s bp measurement and it was found to be 140/90 mmHg. He knows that this reading is classified as?

A. Prehypertension
B. Hypertension Stage I
C. Hypertension Stage II
D. Hypertensive Crisis

Answer 2

C. Hypertension Stage II

Question 3

Nurse Eli was assigned to care for a hypertensive patient with heart failure who is due to have his Propanolol taken. When teaching the client about propranolol, the nurse should base the information on the knowledge that propranolol does?

A. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and conduction.
B. Is a potent arterial and venous vasodilator that reduces peripheral vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure.
C. Increases norepinephrine secretion and thus decreases blood pressure and heart rate.
D. Is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that reduces blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin Il.

Answer 3

A. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and conduction.

Question 4

Nurse Agape is the nurse in charge at the outpatient department of Tender Loving Care Medical Center. A patient visited the clinic for a follow-up and was later diagnosed to be hypertensive. Nurse Agape assessed the patient including the patient’s history. The following, when given by the patient, is a type of non-modifiable risk factor of hypertension EXCEPT?

A. Family history of hypertension
B. Obesity
C. Old age
D. Gender

Answer 4

B. Obesity

Question 5

Liza is a patient admitted at Faith Doctors’ Hospital. She is ordered to have a Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet which includes food low in sodium, low in fat, but high in potassium. As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that patients with hypertension are recommended to only have how many grams of salt per day?

A. 1 g
B. 1.5 g
C. 2 g
D. 2.5 g

Answer 5

C. 2 g

Question 6

The cardiac conduction system generates and transmits electrical impulse that stimulate contraction of the myocardium. This conduction system is the one responsible for the beating of a person’s heart. These electrical cell walls have three distinct physiological characteristics.
What are these?

A. Conductivity, Contractility, Excitability
B. Conductivity, Excitability, Inductivity
C. Automaticity, Excitability, Conductivity
D. Automaticity, Excitability, Refractivity

Answer 6

C. Automaticity, Excitability, Conductivity

Question 7

Nurse Rica is caring for a client complaining of difficulty of breathing and a fast pounding heartbeat. As a knowledgeable nurse, she knows that all of the following are responsible for increasing heart rate but one. Which one is it?

A. Stimulation of the sympathetic system
B. Release of cathecolamines
C. Excessive thyroid hormone production
D. Stimulation of the vagus nerve

Answer 7

D. Stimulation of the vagus nerve

Keyword: (- ) odd

Question 8

Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected from one of the ventricles per heartbeat. It is primarily determined by three factors: preload, afterload, and contractility. As a cardiovascular nurse, you know that the relationship between stroke volume and afterload are:

A. Directly proportional: Rise in afterload causes a rise in stroke volume
B. Directly proportional: Rise in stroke volume causes a rise in the afterload
C. Inversely proportional: Rise in afterload causes a decrease in stroke volume
D. Inversely proportional: Rise in stroke volume causes a rise in afterload

Answer 8

C. Inversely proportional: Rise in afterload causes a decrease in stroke volume

Question 9

The Sinoatrial node is located on the right atrial wall of the heart. It is also called the heart’s primary pacemaker. As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that the SA Node can fire how many beats per minute?

А. 60-100
В. 70-100
C. 80-100
D. 90-100

Answer 9

А. 60-100

Question 10

The pumping action of the heart is accomplished by the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of its muscular wall. This cardiac cycle, called the systole and diastole, must be met in order to effectively pump blood all throughout the body. What happens during systole?

A. The heart fills with blood in preparation for subsequent ejection.
B. The myocardium becomes thinner as blood enters the chamber.
C. The chambers of the heart becomes smaller as blood is ejected.
D. The heart chambers becomes larger as it receives blood.

Answer 10

C. The chambers of the heart becomes smaller as blood is ejected.

Question 11

Electrocardiography is a graphic representation of the electrical currents of the heart. While caring for a client with suspected myocardial problem, which of the following ECG would reveal that there is myocardial ischemia?

A. ST elevation & Peaked T wave
B. ST elevation & T wave inversion
C. ST depression & Peaked T wave
D. ST depression & T wave inversion

Answer 11

D. ST depression & T wave inversion

Question 12

A 60-year-old male client comes to the emergency department with complaints of crushing substernal chest pain that radiates to his shoulders and left arm. The admitting diagnosis is acute myocardial infarction. The physcian ordered the nurse to administer nasal cannula at 4 L/min, blood work, chest radiograph, ECG, and 2 mg of morphine to be infused intravenously. What order should the nurse carry out first?

A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG
B. Administer the morphine
C. Administer the oxygen via nasal cannula
D. Obtain a chest radiograph.

Answer 12

B. Administer the morphine

Keyword: ‘MONATAS’ management
- morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin, thrombolytics, anti-coagulants, stool softeners

Question 13

There are several factors cotributory to the development of of cardiovascular conditions. Which of the following are the priority risk factors that should be emphasized by Nurse Erika in her health teaching?

A. Aging process and alcohol intake
B. Stress and overacidity
C. Cigarette smoking and hyperlipidemia
D. Sedentary life obesity.

Answer 13

C. Cigarette smoking and hyperlipidemia

Question 14

Which of the ff conditions will most commonly result in CAD?

A. Atherosclerosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Myocardial Infarction
D. Renal failure

Answer 14

A. Atherosclerosis

Keyword: from the word “result in CAD”

Question 15

Which of the ff conditions will most commonly result from CAD?

A. Atherosclerosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Myocardial Infarction
D. Renal failure

Answer 15

C. Myocardial Infarction

Keyword: from the words “result FROM CAD”

Question 16

A patient comes in for a well-check up at Faith and Hope Medical Center. Nurse Ivan is conducting a health history and assessment and preparing for laboratory and diagnostic procedures. He knows that exceeding which of the following serum cholesterol levels significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease?

A. 100 mg/dl
B. 150 mg/dl
C. 175 mg/dl
D. 200 mg/dl

Answer 16

D. 200 mg/dl

Question 17

A client has been brought to the ER with complaints of chest pain and difficulty of breathing. Upon seeing the client, Nurse Angel saw that the he is clenching his fist over his chest. The nurse suspects myocardial ischemia because she knows that this sign is called?

A. Brudzinki’s Sign
B. Murphy’s Sign
C. Levine’s Sign
D. Blumberg’s Sign

Answer 17

C. Levine’s Sign

Keyword: “..clenching his fist over the chest.” Sign like letter L as Levine’s sign.

Question 18

What is the primary reason for administering morphine to a client with myocardial infarction?

A. To sedate the client
B. To decrease the client’s pain
C. To decrease the client’s anxiety
D. To decrease oxygen demand on the client’s heart

Answer 18

D. To decrease oxygen demand on the client’s heart

Question 19

Student nurse Edgardo is asking his clinical instructor regarding cardiac enzymes and biomarkers. He asked him which of the following is most indicative of cardiac damage?

A. Troponin I
B. Myoglobin
C. Creatine Kinase
D. Lactic Dehydrogenase

Answer 19

A. Troponin I

Question 20

Patient Domingo who has undergone a coronary angiogram and was found to have a plaque build up on one of his coronary arterieswas ordered by a physician on thrombolytics therapy. Which of the following client’s history would prompt you to question the doctor’s orders, except?

A. Recent major surgery or trauma
B. Having Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
C. History of hemmorhagic stroke
D. Uncontrolled hypertension

Answer 20

B. Having Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Question 21

Nurse Sora is teaching a group of students about the risk factors of Heart Failure. One of the students asked her about the factors causing heart failure. She is correct if she responded with the following except?

A. Coronary Artery Disease
B. Well controlled diabetes
C. Renal Dysfunction
D. Advance age

Answer 21

B. Well controlled diabetes

Question 22

Nurse Lyndon is taking care of a patient diagnosed with Congestive Heart Failure. The patient is on close monitoring at the telemetry unit. In assessing the patient’s clinical manifestations, the nurse would know that which of the following symptoms is consistent with Right Sided Heart Failure?

A. Frothy sputum
B. Orthopnea
C. Jugular Vein Distention
D. BIbasilar Crackles

Answer 22

C. Jugular Vein Distention