Cardiovascular

Question 1

what is the diagnosis associated with pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis and poikilothermia

Answer 1

aterial embolism/thrombus

Question 1

how is Aortic aneuysm/dissection diagnosed

Answer 1

Ct or TEE

Question 2

what are common causes of arterial embolism/thrombosis?

Answer 2

Afib and Mitral stenosis

Question 3

what is GS for diagnosis of aterial embolism/thrombosis

Answer 3

Angiography

Question 4

what is the tx of arterial/venous ulcer disease

Answer 4

sclerotherapy
vein stripping
compreesion hose

Question 5

what is normal ABI

Answer 5

1.2-1.0

Question 6

what is mild disease ABI

Answer 6

0.9-0.7

Question 7

what is ABI for moderate disease

Answer 7

0.7-0.4

Question 8

what is ABI for severe disease/rest pain

Answer 8

<0.4

Question 9

what medications are contraindicated in isolated PAD

Answer 9

Beta blockers - worsens claudicaton

Question 10

what are tx options for severe PAD

Answer 10

surgical graft bypass
angioplasty - balloon dilation
endarterectomy - remove diseased intima and media
surgical patch angioplasty

Question 11

what arrhythmias can cause dyspnea on exertion

Answer 11

afib, inapporpriate sinus tachycardia, sick sinus syndrome/bradycardia

Question 12

what is GS diagnosis per PAD

Answer 12

arteriography

Question 13

what are medical treatment options for PAD

Answer 13

antiplatelets
antilipids
manage risk factors
cilostazole
asa
plavix

Question 14

55yo male f/u for complaint of chest pain. pt states that he has had this CP for about one year not. the pt further states that the pain is retrosternal with radiation to the jaw “it feel as though a tighness, or heaviness is on and around my chest”. this pain seems to come on with exertion however, over the past two weeks he has noticed that he has episodes while at rist. if the pt remains inactive the pain usually resolves in 15-20 minutes. pt has a 60 pack year smoing hx and drinks a martini daily at lunch. pt appears oveweight on inspection. based upon hx what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 14

unstable angina

Question 15

58yo male otherwise health presents with chest pain and is found to have left main coronary artery stenosis of 75%. the most important aspect of his management is now…

Answer 15

to referr to coronary artery revascularizaton

Question 16

68yo male with hx of smoking and HTN presents with DOE. he is scheduled for an elective hernia repair. during preop eval, he reports that his dypsnea has progrressively gotten worse over th past 6 months. he denies CP, palpiatioations or syncope. on PE his BP is 140/85, HR 88bpm, RR 20 bpm. ausculation reveals diminsiehd breath sounds bilaterally with prolonged expiration. whih of the following is most likely casue of dyspnea?

Answer 16

COPD