CardioPulmonary Assessment Flashcards
Palpate posterior
Two thumbs on 10th rib
Have patient take deep breath in
Should expand
Auscultation of lungs
Posterior: 8-10
Lateral: 4-6
Anterior: 8
Atelectasis
Collapsed alveloli
Poor air exchange or obstruction
Can be minor or major
Crackles
INSPIRATION
Popping open of deflated alveoli
Not cleared by cough
Fine: wood crackle
Coarse: Velcro
Wheeze
INSPIRATION AND/OR EXPIRATION
High airflow, narrow airway
Coughing doesn’t help
Rhonchi
INSPIRATION AND OR EXPIRATION
Fluid.mucus in airways
Can be cleared with cough
Stridor
INSPIRATION
Air moves over partially obstructed airway
Something caught in airway, through swelling, infection
Pleural Friction Rub
INSPIRATION AND EXPIRATION
- inflamed pleural rubbing against visceral pleura
- dry rubbing on each other
Not cleared with cough
- anterior lateral lung field
Absent lung sound
No air movement
Collapsed lung
Not breathing
APE To Man
Aortic : 2nd right intercostal
Pulmonic: 2nd left intercostal
Erbs Point: 3rd intercostal
Tricuspid: 4th or 5th intercostal
Mitral: 5th intercostal/ midclavicular
S1
“LUB dub”
Louder at apex (bottom)
Closing of AV valve
S2
“lub DUB”
Louder at base (top)
Closure of SL valves
JVD
Abnormally large carotid artery
Lay at 45 degree angle if artery is still protruding, JVD is present
Murmur
Blowing, swishing sound from turbulent blood flow in the heart or vessels
Graded on loudness and pitch
Right Side Heart Failure
Dec function of R ventricle or increased pulmonary resistance
Blood would back up into vena cava
Left side Heart Failure
Decreased CO and pulmonary congestion
- leads to crackles, SOB, blood backing up into lungs, less O2 everywhere
