Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
what is the definition of cardiomyopathy
primary disease of the myocardium
what are the 3 types of cardiomyopathy
dilated
hypertrophic
restrictive
what is the aetiology of cardiomyopathy
idiopathic
what is the aetiology of dilated cardiomyopathy
post viral myocarditis alcohol cocaine peripartum familial (25% of idiopathic cases) thyrotoxicosis haemochromatasis
what is haemochromatasis
iron overload
what is the aetiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
50% genetic-autosomal dominant
by mutations in (B-myosin, troponinT, a-tropomyosin)
what is the aetiology of restrictive cardiomyopathy
amyloidosis
sarcoidosis
haemochromotasis
what is the epidemiology of cardiomyopathy
dilated and hypertrophic is between 0.05 and 0.2%
restrictive is v rare
what is the history associated with dilated cardiomyopathy
symptoms of HF
arrhythmias
thromboembolism
family history of sudden death
what is the history associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
often asymptomatic syncope angina arrhythmias family history of sudden death
what is the history associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy
dyspnoea
fatigue
arrhythmias
ankle/abdominal swelling
what are the examination findings in dilated cardiomyopathy
raised JVP
displaced apex beat
functional mitral and tricuspid regurg
3rd HS
what are the examination findings in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
jerky carotid pulse
double apex beat
ejection systolic murmur
what are the examination findings in restrictive cardiomyopathy
raised JVP palpable apex beat ankle oedema 3rd HS ascites hepatomegaly
what are the investigations performed in suspected cardiomyopathy
CXR -cardiomegaly -HF ECG echo cardiac catheterisation -measurement of chamber pressures endomyocardial biopsy -for restrictive cardiomyopathy
