Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
What is cardiomyopathy?
Heart muscle disease:
Primary or secondary
Primary?
Confined to heart muscle
Secondary?
Cardiac involvement as part of a systemic disorder
3 major patterns
Dilated
Hypertrophic
Restrictive
How is a cardiac biopsy performed?
Venous catheter inserted through perish vein into R heart, sample taken form septum
What’s is indication for cardiac biopsy?
…
Aetiology of CM?
…
Which form of CM is most common
Dilated
What dysfunction do you get from dilated CM
Systolic
What is another name for dilated CM?
Congestive CM
What age is most common for presentation?
20-50
What is mortality rate for CM?
50% over 2 years from presentation
What is the aetiology of dilated CM?
Genetic- au dom commonest, cytoskeletal proteins affected
Acquired- myocarditis, toxins, idiopathic, something else
How does dilated CM present clinically?
Progressive heart failure Sudden death Af Stroke Secondary mitral regurge due to stretching of tissue around valve, rather than problem with valve itself (CM doesn't have
When would a biopsy be done in dilated CM?
To exclude other diagnoses, e.g. absence of amyloidosis, inflammation, iron, granulomas.
It is not diagnostic
What si the treatment for dilated CM?
Heart transplant
What iis hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
….
How would the heart appear in HCM?
Assymetrical septal hypertrophy, bulges into lumen, looks banana like on cross section
What is differential for HCM?
Amyloidosis, fairy disease, hypertensive heart disease
What is aetiology of HCM?
Genetic (add to this)
Hisptologically how does HCM appear?
Hypertrophy, myofibre disarray, fibrosis
What is the clinical presentation of HCM?
Exertional dyspnoea Harsh systolic ejection murmur Angina AF Mural thrombus and stroke HF Arrhythmias Sudden death (athlete's heart - heart gets thick)
What is treatment for HCM?
B blockers
Septal resection
Focal infarction technique
What is restrictive HCM?
Decreased ventricular compliance - poor diastolic filling
