Cardiology best Tests for Diagnosis

Question 1

What is the first step in evaluating Syncope?

Answer 1

Determine whether The loss of consciousness and regaining of consciousness were sudden or gradual

Question 2

What is the next step if loss and regaining of consciousness are both sudden in Syncope

Answer 2

Cardiac Exam
-if Normal: Arrhythmia, EKG, telemetry monitor, Troponin levels
-If abnormal: Echocardiogram

Question 3

What is the best initial test for al forms of Chest Pain

Answer 3

Electrocardiogram (EKG)

Question 4

What is the most accurate test for Costochondritis

Answer 4

Physical Examination

Question 5

What is the most accurate test for Aortic Dissection

Answer 5

Chest X-ray
-widened mediastinum

Chest CT, MRI or TEE confirms disease

Question 6

What is the most accurate test for Pericarditis

Answer 6

EKD
-ST elevation everywhere
-PR depression

Question 7

What is the most accurate test for Duodenal Ulcer Disease

Answer 7

Endoscopy

Question 8

What is the most accurate test for GERD

Answer 8

Response to PPI; Al hydroxide, Mg Hydroxide and Viscous Lidocaine

Question 9

What is the most accurate test for Pneumonia

Answer 9

Chest X-ray

Question 10

What is the most accurate test for Pulmonary Embolus

Answer 10

CT angiogram, V/Q scan

Question 11

What is the most accurate scan for Pneumothorax

Answer 11

Chest X-ray

Question 12

What is the most accurate test for Detecting Coronary Artery Disease

Answer 12

Angiography

Question 13

What is the most accurate test for Valve Rupture and Septal Rupture

Answer 13

Echocardiogram

Question 14

What is the best initial test in Heart failure

Answer 14

Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TEE)
-used to evaluate ejection fraction

Question 15

What is the most accurate test for ejection fraction abnormalities

Answer 15

Multiple-gated acquisition scan (MUGA)

Question 16

What is the most important test to do acutely in Pulmonary Edema

Answer 16

EKG
-can indicated need for an immediate change in treatment
-determine if there is systolic or diastolic dysfunction

Question 17

What is the best initial test for Valvular heart diseases

Answer 17

Echocardiogram
-Transesophageal > Transthoracic

Question 18

What is the most accurate test for Valvular heart diseases

Answer 18

Catheterization
-most precise measurement of valvular diameter
-measure exact pressure gradient across the valve

Question 19

What is the most accurate test for myocarditis

Answer 19

Biopsy of the heart

Question 20

What is the most specific EKG finding for Pericarditis

Answer 20

ST elevation in all leads

PR segment depression*

Question 21

What is the best initial test for Constrictive pericarditis

Answer 21

Chest X-ray
-calcifications and fibrosis

Question 22

What is the most accurate test for Constrictive pericarditis

Answer 22

CT and MRI
-only done after chest x-ray

Question 23

What is the best initial test for Peripheral artery disease

Answer 23

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
-difference >10%
-ABI<0.90

Question 24

What is the most accurate test for peripheral artery disease

Answer 24

Angiogram