Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CP3 Medicine > CARDIOLOGY - Anatomy, Surgery and Trauma > Flashcards

CARDIOLOGY - Anatomy, Surgery and Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pericardium

A

Double-walled fibrous membrane enclosing heart and roots of great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium

A

Protects heart against sudden overfilling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pericardial cavity?

A

Potential space between visceral and parietal layers of pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Through which sinus do the aorta and pulmonary trunk leave the pericardium?

A

Transverse pericardial sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Through what sinus do the SVC,IVC and pulmonary vv enter the heart?

A

Oblique pericardial sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aa supply to the pericardium

A

Pericardiophrenic aa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vv drainage of pericardium

A

Pericardiophenic vv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nn supply to pericardium

A

phrenic nn C3-5
CNX
Sympathetic trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the apex of the heart

A

Anterior to the left

Post to L ICS 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the base of the heart

A

Posterior
LA with bit of RA
Ant to T6-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 4 surfaces of the heart?

A

Anterior (Sternocostal) - RV
Diaphragmatic (inf) - LV + RV
Left pulmonary - LV
R pulmonary - RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 borders of the heart

A

R - RA
Inf - RV
L - LV
Sup - RA/LA + great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which heart chamber forms most of the base of the heart

A

LA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which heart chamber forms the R border of heart

A

RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the con sinus receive blood from

A

Cardiac vv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the con sinus become

A

Sinus venarum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What part of the heart does the LV form

A

Apex and L surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What level is the mitral valve at

A

4th CC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What level is the aortic valve at

A

3rd ICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where do you auscultate for: aortic valve:

A

2nd ICS, R sternal edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where do you auscultate for: pulmonary valve

A

2nd ICS - L sternal edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where do auscultate for: Tricuspid valve

A

5th ICS L sternal edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where do you auscultate for: Mitral valve

A

5th ICS MCL

24
Q

Where does the R coronary aa arise from?

A

Coronary sulcus

25
Q

Where does the L coronary aa arise from?

A

Aortic sinus of ascending aorta

26
Q

Where do the great, middle and small cardiac vv empty?

A

Coronary sinus

27
Q

Where does the anterior cardiac vv empty?

A

RA

28
Q

Sympathetic innervation of heart

A

Accelerator nn

29
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of heart

A

CNX

30
Q

What is the ‘lub’ sound

A

Blood being transferred from atrai to ventricles

31
Q

What is the ‘dub’ sound

A

Ventricles contract and expel blood from heart

32
Q

When is a median sternotomy incision used for?

A

Ops on heart and aortic arch

33
Q

When is a anterolateral thoractomy incision used?

A

Access to RHS heart

34
Q

When is a posterior throacotomy incision used?

A

For access to distal aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta

35
Q

When is a bilateral transverse throacotomy used?

A

for H-L transplant

36
Q

What is the main complications of Cardiopulmonary bypass

A

Clotting within machine

37
Q

Which artery is most commonly used as a conduit in CABG

A

L internal mammary aa

38
Q

Complications CABG (7)

A 
MI 
Bleeding 
Arrhythmias 
Stroke 
Tamponade 
Aortic dissection 
Resp/systemic complications
39
Q

Example of man made heart valve names

A

Ball-in-cage

Bileaflet

40
Q

What must be coprescribed with man-made valves?

A

Warfarin

41
Q

How to tell if a patient has a manmade heart valve

A

Can hear clicking from bedside

42
Q

Which type of prosthetic valve is more prone to degenerative failure?

A

Tissue valve

43
Q

What Ix must all patients with blunt chest trauma have

A

CHX (supine)

44
Q

Sign of cardiac tamponade CXR

A

Rounded heart border

45
Q

What is a myxoma

A

Common myocardial tumour

46
Q

What conditions does myxoma mimic?

A

Infective endocarditis

Mitral stenosis

47
Q

Ix myxoma

A

Echo

48
Q

mx myxoma

A

Excise

49
Q

What is constrictive pericarditis due to?

A

Pericardial inflammation (e.g. due to RA/trauma/radiotherapy)

50
Q

Signs constrictive pericarditis

A

Pulmonary/systemic congestion

51
Q

Mx constrictive pericarditis

A

excise whole pericardium

52
Q

`Why are ball in cage valves not really used anymore

A

Due to high risks of clot –> stroke

53
Q

Click replacing 1st heart sound =

A

Mitral valve replacement

54
Q

Click replacing 2nd heart sound =

A

Aortic valve replacement

55
Q

What is TAVI and when is it used

A

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Through femorals up to aorta
Balloon opened + valve implanted
For high risk patients with aortic stenosis

56
Q

Prognosis TAVI

A

Unsure as new but lower rate of infective endocarditis and clots

57
Q

What % of prosthetic valves –> infective endocarditis

A

2.5%

CP3 Medicine (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions