CARDIOLOGY

Question 1

What are the signs of an MI

Answer 1

atypical SOB, dyspnea, weakness, n/v, fatigue, syncope. Back pain

Question 2

Medications that can cause heart burn

Answer 2

BB, CCB, alpha agonists. (HTN meds)

Question 3

What type of murmurs radiate to another location?

Answer 3

Systolic

Question 4

All diastolic murmurs are

Answer 4

Pathological

Question 5

Which murmurs are systolic?

Answer 5

Mr Peyton Manning as MVP
○Mr. = Mitral Regurgitation
○Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur
○As = Aortic Stenosis
○MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 6

Which murmurs are diastolic?

Answer 6

“And how did he get to be MVP? With his …..ARMS”

○AR = Aortic Regurgitation
○MS = Mitral Stenosis

Question 7

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Answer 7

A late systolic click near the apex

Question 8

Mitral Regurgitation

Answer 8

systolic murmur best heard at the apex of the heart

Question 9

Aortic Stenosis

Answer 9

soft murmur near to 2ICS to the right of the sternum May have sternal discomfort when walking

Question 10

aortic regurgitation

Answer 10

Diastolic sounds heard loudest near the 2ICS right sternal border

Question 11

mitral stenosis

Answer 11

Diastolic sounds heard loudest near the apex

Question 12

peripheral artery disease causes

Answer 12

Diabetes
Smokes cigarettes
dyslipidemia
Does not exercise

Question 13

What causes the S1 sound?

Answer 13

Closure of AV

Question 14

What causes the S2 sound?

Answer 14

Closure of SL

Question 15

What causes the S3 sound?

Answer 15

HF
Sounds like Ken-tuck-y
Early diastole
Heard with bell

Question 16

What causes the S4 sound?

Answer 16

LVH stiffening
Tenn-ess-ee
late diastole
“Atrial kick/gallop”

Question 17

What med should be given after MI?

Answer 17

Beta blocker

Question 18

What med is given for Isolated systolic hypertension

Answer 18

CCB

Question 19

What test should be given for stable angina?

Answer 19

Stress test

Question 20

PAD/ PVD

Answer 20

Nocturnal pain relieved by lowering legs, poor pulses, dependent rubor,
intermittent claudication, atrophy, shiny, hairless, cold feet. Initial do a pulse check, ABI 0.9 or less is
PAD. Arteriography is the most DEFINITIVE test. Try to develop collateral circulation.
Otherwise-
Trental, Pletal.

Question 21

CVI

Answer 21

Impaired venous return. Achy legs relieved by elevation, edema after prolonged standing, night
cramps, brownish discoloration, cold, ulcers. Etc. do support stockings.

Question 22

Stage 1 HTN

Answer 22

140-159/90-99

Question 23

Upper limit of normal BP for elderly

Answer 23

150/90

Question 24

Possible side effects of Thiazides

Answer 24

no sulfa allergies, hyperuricemia
hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia
hyperglycemia
hypertriglycerides

Question 25

Infective Endocarditis

Answer 25

Fever, chills, malaise, new onset murmur. Osler’s nodes- painful petechiae,
violet colored nodes on the fingers or feet. Janeway lesions- non tender red spots on the palms/soles.
Fundoscopic exam may show Roth spots or retinal hemorrhages. Blood culture x3 (first 24 hours).
Antibiotic prophylaxis is NOT recommended. Except if there is existing infection. 1 h. b4
Amoxicillin 2g po or 50mg/kg.

Question 26

What lab needs to be checked before starting a statin?

Answer 26

LFTs

Question 27

Pulsus paradox

Answer 27

Apical pulse can still be heard even though the radial pulse is no longer palpable.
Certain issues cause impairment with diastolic filling, 10 or greater drop in the SYSTOLIC pressure. I
think her patient had asthma and their pressure dropped by 10 etc.